HISTORY AND FAMILY LORE OF OUR WALKER FAMILY
Over the centuries many of our Walker ancestors have served in many armed conflicts. Below I will be listing the conflicts and a brief overview of each. I will be adding the military records I currently have and update as I receive more service records. The Walker family member will be listed below the corresponding event. If you have any corrections or additions to any of these veterans, please email me directly at the address shown on the bottom of each page.
NOTE: I have received quite a few emails from people asking for additional information or wanting to contribute information about our family. However, when I try to respond to their email it is blocked from getting return mail. Make sure the email address you send your request from can be replied to. Thank you.
HISTORICAL RECORD: Charles, second Earl Cornwallis, was born on New Year's Eve 1738, the eldest child of a titled and highly respectable family in Suffolk, England. The young Cornwallis possessed a strong sense of duty from an early age, which undoubtedly figured into his choosing the military as a career. Charles purchased an ensign's commission in 1756. Traveling to Italy he attended Turin, a highly respected military academy. The Seven Year War broke out shortly after his enrollment and Charles distinguished himself first as a staff officer and then as a Lieutenant Colonel of the 12th Foot, leading his troops to victory in combat.
In 1762 his father, Charles, first Earl Cornwallis, died and the entire estate passed on to his oldest son. Charles was now the second Earl of Cornwallis. Custom and duty brought Charles home, to set the estate in order and assume his father's seat in the House of Lords.
In 1768, Charles courted and wed Jemima Jones, the daughter of an army Colonel. During Parliamentary sessions and audiences with the King, George III, Cornwallis consistently voted against harsh measures toward the colonies, such as the Stamp Act, even when it was not a popular stand to take.
In 1776 when armed conflict started in Lexington, he accepted a General's commission from the King and volunteered for service in the colonies. Charles participated in the first attempt to capture Charleston, which ended in a miserable failure. His Majesty's troops then sailed to New York and undertook extensive operations there under the command of Sir William Howe. During the Battle of Long Island, General Cornwallis was key in outflanking the Americans and forcing them from New York. George Washington turned the tables and slipped away, circling around and pouncing upon the British rear guard at Princeton after Cornwallis thought he was successfully trapped on the Delaware. However the Earl proved his worth and retrieved his reputation at the battles of Brandywine in the fall of 1777, and Monmouth in the summer of 1778. The battle at Monmouth brought the war to an effective end in the northern colonies with Cornwallis proving himself to be an energetic, fearless and resourceful field commander.
When Cornwallis returned to England on leave, he found his wife Jemima gravely ill. She lingered for several weeks, but died early in 1779. After Jemima's death he found his interest in everyday estate affairs waning. With the King's forces fighting to retain an empire across the sea, Cornwallis sailed back to America.
Sir William Howe had resigned his position as Commander-in-Chief and Sir George Clinton was named to take his place. An expeditionary force sailed from New York harbor in December 1779, with Clinton at its head and Cornwallis as second-in-command. The goal was Charleston, this time however, after a harrowing voyage and a long siege, the British succeeded in taking the city. The fall of Charleston to the King's forces in May of 1780 was a great blow to the Americans. The Continental army suffered the greatest loss of the entire war in terms of men and equipment.
When General Clinton returned to New York in June he left Cornwallis, Lieutenant General of the British Army, in control of the entire southern operation with the orders to take whatever steps needed to win and hold control of the South. No one expected much resistance from the southern colonies. Colonial loyalists were lining up in droves to take the Loyalty Oath and the coming offensive looked to be a cake walk. The response from the Continental army took the form of light skirmishes until the fall of 1780 when on the night of August 16th the two armies literally tripped over each other just north of Camden. Each pulled back and waited the dawn. Once again the American army suffered a horrible defeat, out of the three thousand who faced the British that day only seven hundred escaped death or imprisonment.
In September 1780, thinking the opposition army routed and demoralized, Cornwallis began his invasion of North Carolina setting up a base of operations in Charlotte. The story changed quickly after that. The Patriot resistance was stubborn and better entrenched than expected. A capable British force of about a thousand were wiped out at the Battle of King's Mountain on the border between North and South Carolina. After occupying Charlotte for less then a month, Cornwallis pulled out his troops, establishing winter quarters in Winnsboro, South Carolina. The winter months saw bands of resistance fighters striking everywhere making it hard for the British to keep supply lines open. Such imaginative and resourceful fighters like Francis Marion, the "Swamp Fox", and Thomas Sumter made life miserable for British troops. Longing for one large decisive battle, Cornwallis was frustrated by these hit and run tactics. In December 1780, the opportunity he had been waiting for seemed at hand, General Nathaniel Greene took command of the Continental army in the south. Greene divided his troops and roughly half the army marched west under command of Brigadier General Daniel Morgan. Greene took the other half east to a camp at Cheraw, South Carolina. Cornwallis worked out a plan to deal with this unorthodox tactic: Colonel Tarleton, with his own cavalry plus two regiments of light infantry, would pursue Morgan eastward and either destroy the Americans or run them into the main British command under Cornwallis. They would then turn their attention to dealing with Greene. However, Daniel Morgan decidedly out-maneuvered the less experienced Tarleton at the Battle of Cowpens on January 17, 1781 causing the loss of almost all of Tarleton's light cavalry and troops.
Hoping to force a decisive battle, Cornwallis retreated to Hillsboro, North Carolina, rested and regrouping his fatigued forces. Nathaniel Greene, judging his own army sufficiently strong to win a pitched battle, crossed the border and established a front at Guilford Court House, about twenty five miles west of Hillsboro. Cornwallis considerately marched his troops to meet him. The Battle of Guilford Court House has been judged as some of the hardest fighting of the entire war. Though Cornwallis prevailed in the battle there was not a significant advantage won and he withdrew in April to Wilmington, NC. During that time General Clinton in New York failed to issue Cornwallis any clear orders. This lack would prove fatal in time. At the end of April 1781, Cornwallis, dispirited by his experiences in the Carolinas sailed his troops to Virginia. Over the summer months and after several skirmishes with the Marquis de LaFayette, he was ordered by Sir Henry Clinton to establish and fortify a garrison along the coastline that could be used as a supply base for the Royal Navy. Cornwallis' scouts reported a promising location at the headwaters of the York River, ten miles east of Williamsburg named Yorktown.
Meanwhile, the main American army, under George Washington was in New Jersey. In August 1781, Washington hatched a plot with the French navy for a naval barricade operation in New York harbor. However, once Washington discovered that Cornwallis was digging fortifications for a naval port at Yorktown the opportunity was irresistible. Washington gave Lord Clinton the slip and skirted around New York City and was well on the way to Virginia before Clinton realized his objective and could respond. Even when he realized he had been out maneuvered, Clinton delayed sending reinforcements until late September. Clinton sent word he was sailing south and Cornwallis decided to dig in and wait for him. This proved a pivotal decision, for strong winds delayed Clinton. By the time Cornwallis realized this, it was too late to do anything about it, he was blocked off by land and by sea as the French fleet arrived.
The bombardment of Yorktown started on October 9, 1781. The British lines were devastated. A last desperate attempt to escape over the York River to the British post at Gloucester Point was doomed by a storm. On October 17, Cornwallis knew he had no other recourse and his surrender on that day at Yorktown, VA effectively brought an end to the war.
After the Revolutionary War 1782-1805
In England, King George III did not blame Cornwallis for the loss of the American colonies. In May 1782 he was offered the Governor-Generalship of India, but due to the slowness in the prisoner exchange between Continental Congress member Henry Laurens and himself he was unable to take the position. In February 1783, he resigned his post as constable of the Tower of London and assumed the military duties of the India post in November 1783.
On February 23, 1786, he became Governor of India. Once in charge, Cornwallis reformed the administrative system and put down a rebellion by Tippoo Sahib. The King having made him first Marquis Cornwallis in 1793, Charles returned to England in February 1794. On February 11, 1797, he took the post of Governor-General and Commander in Chief of Ireland where he quelled a rebellion. Cornwallis assisted with passage of the ill omened Act of Union. He resigned in 1801. Charles was instrumental in the Treaty of Amiens. In 1805, he again took the post of Governor of India, but after only two months there Charles, first Marquis Cornwallis died on October 5, 1805 at Ghazipore, India.
The military information listed below was graciously submitted by John P. Kennedy, R.PH., Ph.D. He is related to the North Carolina Robert Walker branch, through his mother, Shirley Myrtle (Walker) Kennedy. John is also a Grandnephew of George Walker, who provided the information in the interview with Hugh Conway Browning on the title page. He has a keen interest in the military and has access to the old documents. I wish to thank him for sharing his knowledge with the rest of us.
19th North Carolina Troops (2nd North Carolina Cavalry) BY W. A. GRAHAM, CAPTAIN COMPANY K.
This regiment, with the first eight regiments of infantry, the Ninth North Carolina Regiment (First Cavalry), the Tenth Regiment (First Artillery), and the Thirty third Regiment of infantry, comprised what was originally known as "State Troops." They enlisted "for the war," and the officers, both regimental and company, were appointed by the Governor. The volunteers enlisted for twelve months (except the Bethel Regiment-six months). Their company officers were elected by the "rank and file" of the company; the field officers by the commissioned officers of the companies of the respective battalions and regiments. In 1862 the right to elect company officers was given by law to the State Troops. The horses for the privates were furnished by the State to the and Second Cavalry Regiments. The regiment, except Company A, assembled at Kittrell's Springs in August and September 1861.
FIELD AND STAFF.
S. B. Spurrill, Colonel.
William G. Robinson, Lieutenant Colonel.
John W. Woodfin, Major.
Guilford Nicholson, Adjutant.
Capt. John S. Hines, Quartermaster.
Capt. John W. Moore, Commissary.
_____ Smith, Surgeon.
R. H. Shields, Assistant Surgeon.
E. P. Tucke, Sergeant Major.
COMPANY A--Cherokee and Adjoining Counties--Captain George W. Hayes; First Lieutenant, John V. B. Rogers; Second Lieutenants, George V. Snider and W. P. Moore.
COMPANY B-Iredell County-Captain, C. M. Andrews; First Lieutenant, S. Jay Andrews; Second Lieutenants, Richard W. Allison and James N. Turner.
COMPANY C-Gates and Hertford Counties--Captain John G. Boo the; First Lieutenant, James M. Wynn; Second Lieutenants, Mills L. Fure and William P. Roberts.
COMPANY D--Cumberland County--Captain, James W.Strange; First Lieutenant, T. S. Lutterloh; Second Lieutenants, Joseph S. Baker and James F. Williams.
COMPANY E-Nash, Wilson and Franklin Counties-- Captain, Columbus A. Thomas; First Lieutenant, J. J. B. Vick; Second Lieutenants, Nick M. Harris and Robert W. Atkinson.
COMPANY F-Guilford Conitty-Captain Barzillai F. Cole; First Lieutenant, R. W. King; Second Lieutenants, P. A. Tatum and ____ Nelson.
COMPANY G-Beaufort Couniy-Captain, Louis F. Satterthwaite; First Lieutenant, William Satterthwaite; Second Lieutenants, Samuel S. Whitehurst and George P.Bryan.
COMPANY H-Bertie and Northampon Counties-Captain, John Randolph; First Lieutenant, H. B. Hardy; Second Lieutenants, W. H. Newsom and George Bishop.
COMPANY I-Moore County-Captain, Jesse L. Bryan; First Lientenant, J. L. Arnold; Second Lieutenants, D. O. Bryan and J. S. Ritter.
COMPANY K-Orange County--Captain, Josiah Turner, Jr.; First Lieutenant, William A. Graham, Jr.; Second Lieutenants, John P. Lockhart and James V. Moore.
NOTE: John P. Kennedy has provided some further information on the 19th North Carolina Troops, 2nd North Carolina Cavalry and while I don't have the space to show it here, I will be happy to share it with anyone who requests it.
FROM J.P.K.'s NOTES: William Sr. (GWW’s grandfather) was in the army of Lord Cornwallis and “suffered everything but death by the American Revolution”. He had property and eight hundred acres of land taken from him and sold by the “rebels” (Colonials).
William then traveled back to Canada after the Revolutionary War. However, some of his NC-USA land remained with his eldest son, Robert. For reasons unknown by me, Robert was allowed to keep this land. Either he did not share his Father’s support of the Devine Right of Kings, he was pardoned, perhaps his marriage was to an influential Colonial family OR … William was a shrewd negotiator and used the story above for political influence of Ontario land grants. Ironically, William’s Great-Grandchildren would be “Rebels” (Confederates) themselves in the next great conflict on American soil.
William S. Walker (George7,Robert8,William9) b.1840 d.1861
Family Record and Spoken History:
William S. Walker enlisted in the Confederate Army, Sept. 10, 1861, Company K, 19th Regiment, 2nd North Carolina Cavalry. He was promoted 4th sergeant. He died at Camp Washington, NC from complication resulting from a case of measles.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
William S Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation:
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 10 September 1861 at the age of 21 Enlisted in Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 10 September 1861. Died of disease Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 26 November 1861 in Edenton, NC.
Robert Young Walker (George7,Robert8,William9) b.1842 d.1914 1st m.1868, Nancy Jane Cole b.1850 d.1881. Robert 2nd m.1888, Ruth Jackson Miller b.1848 d.1935.
Family Record and Spoken History:
Robert Y. Walker served in Company K, 19th Regiment, 2nd North Carolina Cavalry. He returned from the war on Dec. 17, 1868.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
Robert Young Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation:
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 10 September 1861 Enlisted in Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 10 September 1861. POW on 30 June 1863 at Hanover, PA, Wounded on 30 June 1863 at Hanover, PA, Paroled on 23 August 1863 at Baltimore, MD, On rolls on 30 September 1864.
George Washington Walker Jr (George7,Robert8,William9) b.1844 d.1924 m.1867, Cynthia Frances Crabtree b.1846 d.1914.
Family Record and Spoken History:
George W. Walker served in Company K, 19th Regiment, 2nd North Carolina Cavalry. He returned from the war on November 7, 1867.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
George W Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation:
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 01 November 1862 Enlisted in Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 01 November 1862. On rolls on 30 September 1864.
Robert Samuel Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9) b.1840 d.1903.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
Robert Samuel Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation:
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 19 September 1861 Enlisted in Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 19 September 1861. POW on 26 July 1862 at North Carolina, Exchanged on 06 October 1862 at Aiken's Landing, VA POW on 30 June 1863 at Hanover, PA (Or July 1st), Wounded on 30 June 1863 at Hanover, PA (Or July 1st), Returned on 15 July 1863 (Estimated day), Absent on 15 August 1863 (Detailed to buy a Horse), Wounded on 21 May 1864 (Estimated day), Admitted on 22 May 1864 at Hospital, Richmond, VA (With Gunshot wound), On rolls on 30 September 1864.
John Henry Clay Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9) b.1843 d.1928 m. Mary Laws b.1854 d.1941.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
John Henry Clay Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation: Farmer
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 16 May 1862 at the age of 18 Enlisted in Company D, 56th Infantry Regiment North Carolina on 22 May 1862. POW on 01 April 1865 at Five Forks, VA Confined on 06 April 1865 at Point Lookout, MD Took Oath of Allegiance on 22 June 1865 at Point Lookout, MD.
Thomas Simpson Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9) b.1846 d.1938 m. Josephine Walker b.1866 d.1944.
Family Record and Spoken History:
J.P.K.'s NOTES: There is an American Legion Marker C.S.A. on Thomas' grave. My mother has always been told that Thomas was in the “War Between the States”. She also had a picture of him at a Confederate Veteran’s Reunion.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
This is all JPK could find on a Thomas Walker in the Confederate States Army. Thomas Simpson Walker would have only been 15 Years Of Age at the start of the war. If he waited until he was 18 (an assumption) the war would have turned for the worse for the South. Therefore, record keeping would be much poorer. He also could have joined the Militia at an earlier age, but more than likely one of the following “Thomas Walkers” is him and the record keeping was simply poor.
Thomas Walker
Residence:
Occupation:
Service Record: (Most probably Thomas Simpson Walker, he would have been 18 YOA on his enlistment date. I doubt Phillip would have been too keen on his last and youngest son entering the war before he absolutely had to. Thomas’s enlistment left Harriet and Phillip both home without any sons to assist on the farm.) Enlisted as a Private on 27 July 1864 Enlisted in Company G, 7th Infantry Regiment North Carolina on 27 July 1864. On rolls present on 15 October 1864 (Estimated day), Paroled on 01 May 1865 at Greensboro, NC
Thomas Walker
Residence:
Occupation:
Service Record: Doubtful, he would have been only 15 YOA.
Enlisted as a Private on 13 September 1861
T. Walker
Residence:
Occupation:
Service Record: (Possible for TSW) Enlisted as a Private, Paroled on 20 April 1865 at Raleigh, NC.
Levi S. Walker b.1839 (William7,Robert8,William9)
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
Levi S Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation:
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 16 September 1861 Enlisted in Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 16 September 1861. POW on 06 September 1862 at North Carolina Exchanged on 06 October 1862 at Aiken's Landing, VA Paroled on 06 October 1862 at Aiken's Landing, VA On rolls on 30 September 1864
William Robert Walker Jr. (William7,Robert8,William9) b.1839 Orange Co. d.1924 m.1871, Harriett Cohen Vaughn b.1847 d.1944.
Family Record and Spoken History: Family lore has it that William Robert Walker Jr served in the war and was a prisoner. Stories were told of how William walked home after the war. On his arrival at his home on the Little River they had to burn his clothes because of lice. There is a record of a William R Walker that was taken prisoner and confined at Point Lookout, MD.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
William R Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation: Farmer
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 12 May 1862 at the age of 20 Enlisted in Company D, 56th Infantry Regiment North Carolina on 22 May 1862. Hospitalized on 08 August 1862 at Raleigh, NC Returned on 30 September 1862 Wounded on 15 May 1864 POW on 25 March 1865 at Fort Stedman, VA Confined on 28 March 1865 at Point Lookout, MD Took Oath of Allegiance on 21 June 1865 at Point Lookout, MD
FROM J.P.K.'s NOTES: This Walker was also found in my search of NC-Civil War records; however, I do not know his connection to the family “tree”, if any. He would have been the same age as his “cousins” who enlisted with him.
George A Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation: Farmer
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 03 March 1862 at the age of 20 Enlisted in Company G, 27th Infantry Regiment North Carolina on 03 March 1862. Wounded on 17 September 1862 at Sharpsburg, MD Returned on 04 March 1863 POW on 04 April 1865 at Sutherland's Station, VA Confined on 10 April 1865 at Point Lookout, MD Took Oath of Allegiance on 21 June 1865 at Point Lookout, MD.
Revolutionary War or War of Independence.
July 4, 1776 marked the beginning of the United States of America and the start of the Revolutionary War. The colonists, who had been loyal British subjects, fought for freedom and independence from British rule. In September 1783 a peace treaty is signed between Great Britain and the United States.
NAME:
Quasi-War with France 1798-1801
With independence won, the last ship of the Continental Navy was sold in 1785, and the Nation soon experienced the consequences of neglecting sea power. The actions of Mediterranean pirates caused Congress in 1794 to provide a Navy for the protection of commerce. Subsequently, depredations by the privateers of Revolutionary France against the expanding merchant shipping of the United States led to an undeclared war fought entirely at sea. In this quasi-war the new U.S. Navy received its baptism of fire.
NAME:
War of 1812
the War of 1812, declared by the United States on Great Britain under President James Madison on 18 June 1812, is a source of pride to Canadians as many inhabitants, principally of Upper Canada, fought alongside the Regular British Army and Indian allies to thwart American plans to capture what were then the British colonies on their northern flank. The war was primarily caused by the British Navy's boarding of American ships to forcibly enlist any sailors of British origin and its attempts to prevent the United States from trading with France. The United States planned to take over Upper Canada (the basis of modern-day Ontario) and Lower Canada (the basis of modern-day Québec) in a single mass attack. The invasion was to occur at four strategic locations: across from Detroit, in the Niagara area, at Kingston, and south of Montréal. here were wins and losses on both sides during the two years that the war lasted, with no clear victory for either of the warring parties, the Treaty of Ghent signed on 24 December 1814 maintained the status quo.
NAME:
Isaac Walker (William9).
Ralph Walker Sr. (William9).
Thomas Walker (William9).
The Patriot Insurrection (1837-1838)
Several events contributed to the rise of nationalism, which found its outlet in the insurrection of 1837. Apart from the numerous conflicts that pitted the two groups against each other, a major issue worsened the situation, namely the question of subsidies. Subsidies were the amounts of money that the Assembly granted to the governor and the Executive Council to balance the budget. In 1818, the Assembly approved the subsidies requested by the Governor, but demanded that numerous abuses be rectified, such as pensions for deceased individuals, paying people to do nothing, salaries for non-residents, and fictitious salaries. Nothing was done. The following year, Governor Charles Gordon Lennox, Duke of Richmond, submitted a request containing the same abuses. The Assembly voted on the budget section by section, refusing to allocate funds for abusive expenditures. The Legislative Council blocked the effort. While the subsidy crisis was fomenting, another major problem arose, this time concerning the sharing of customs duties between Upper and Lower Canada. Discontent peaked in Lower Canada in the spring of 1837. Despite the repeated requests of the Patriot Party, London still refused to reconstitute the Legislative Council as an elected body or to make the Executive Council answerable to the House of Assembly. Protest meetings, soon to be prohibited by Governor Gosford, were held everywhere. Rebellion finally broke out in the fall. "Patriots," often poorly organized, took up arms against the English army at St. Denis, St. Charles and St. Eustache. The crackdown was swift: villages were burned, members of the public were attacked, and women and children were put out of their homes just as winter was setting in. In November, the Patriots attacked English troops at Lacolle and Odeltown, but the operation was a fiasco. The second crackdown was worse than the first. More villages were pillaged and burned. Almost 1000 people were arrested, twice as many as in 1837. Of these, 108 were put on trial, about 60 were deported, and 12 were hanged in the Pied-du-Courant prison in Montreal.
NAME:
Major George Walker. (John7,Thomas8,William9)
Lt. Bayard (Byard) McCurdy, served in the 4th Lincoln, Rebellion of 1837. (Ann7,Ralph8,William9)
Indian Wars
The Indian Wars began in 1835 and ended 1842. The boggy maze of the Everglades long provided a fortress of refuge for the resourceful Seminole Indians. In 1835 the massacre of an Army detachment by the Indians dictated use of naval and Marine forces in the watery environment. Landing parties from the West India Squadron commanded by Commodore Alexander Dallas relieved Army garrisons enabling them to serve in the interior. In 1836, involvement of the Creek Indians extended the war to southern Alabama and Georgia. Lines of communications were kept secure, and Army troops, reinforced by practically the entire Marine Corps, were supplied by small Navy steamers plying the Chattahoochee and other rivers. Manned by sailors, soldiers, and Marines, a brown water "mosquito fleet" composed of small sailors, flat bottomed barges and shallow dugouts under Lieutenant J. T. McLaughlin, actively seconded by Lieutenant John Rodgers, penetrated hundreds of miles into swamps and twisting tributaries to find and help defeat the elusive enemy.
NAME:
Mexican War
The Mexican War began 1846 and ended in 1848. Friction between the United States and Mexico, aggravated by an ever-increasing American population in the southwest and admission of the Texas Republic into the Union, resulted in war.
NAME:
Civil War or War Between the States.
The quiet hours of the morning of April 21, 1861, were shattered by the blasting of Confederate artillery aimed at Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. It was the first act in the American Civil War, a conflict that was to cause the death of more Americans then any other. Some of the questions which caused the war remain unanswered to this day. The Civil War ended in 1865 when General Lee met General Grant at Appomattox Courthouse and formally surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia.
Northern Troops
NAME:
Patrick Toner served in the Civil War between 1861 and 1865 in the 14TH Michigan Infantry. (Katherine Toner Walker4,William5,John6,William7,William8,William9)
Southern Troops
NAME:
William S. Walker (George7,Robert8,William9).
Robert Young Walker (George7,Robert8,William9).
George Washington Walker Jr (George7,Robert8,William9).
Robert Samuel Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9).
John Henry Clay Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9).
Thomas Simpson Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9).
Levi S. Walker b.1839 (William7,Robert8,William9).
William Robert Walker Jr. (William7,Robert8,William9).
Spanish-American War
On January 24 the Maine was ordered to Havana, Cuba. This was the first visit of a vessel of the United States Navy to any port in Cuba for several years, although the necessity of protecting American interests made the presence of our flag in Cuban ports desirable. On the night of 15 February l898 the battleship USS Maine was shattered by an explosion which sent the ship and two-thirds of her crew to the bottom of Havana harbor. Bolstered by wide-spread sympathy for those who were seeking Cuban independence from Spain's colonial rule, the emotion-charged Maine tragedy forced the already strained Spanish-American relations to the breaking point, precipitating a short war rapidly decided by two naval engagements. On August 13, 1898 after the arrival of General Merritt, the city of Manila surrendered to the Army and Navy.
NAME:
Philippine Insurrection
The Philippine Insurrection Campaign began in 1899 and ended in 1902. With the close of the Spanish-American War, the United States acquired the Philippine Islands, long torn by strife. Military action was necessary to bring stability to the troubled area. Landing parties of sailors and Marines came ashore at various points to quell disturbances and maintain order. Naval ships supported Army operations with gunfire, provided mobility to deploy forces rapidly, and patrolled the waters of the archipelago to prevent supplies reaching the insurgents.
15 July 1996.
NAME:
Latin American Campaign
The Latin American Campaigns began in 1906 and ended in 1920. In response to internal upheaval and European threats of intervention relating to international debts, the U.S. Navy was called upon to help establish political and economic stability in Latin America during the first two decades of the 20th century.
NAME:
Second Nicaraguan Campaign
The Second Nicaraguan Campaign began in 1926 and ended in 1933. Civil war broke out in Nicaragua during the first months of 1926, and U.S. naval landing parties went ashore to establish a neutral zone for the protection of American citizens. As the fighting intensified and spread, additional coastal enclaves were formed by the Navy to shelter refugees. By January 1927 the U.S. Special Service Squadron was reinforced by two light cruisers and seven destroyers. When the danger points moved inland, 3,000 U.S. Marines supported by planes from Navy Observation Squadron 3 landed at the request of the Nicaraguan government. Once order was restored, sailors and Marines monitored free elections and organized and trained an efficient National Guard.
NAME:
World War I
For America, World War I began 1917 and ended 1918. The explosive that was World War I had been long in the stockpiling; the spark was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914. Ferdinand's death at the hands of the Black Hand, a Serbian nationalist secret society, set in train a mindlessly mechanical series of events that culminated in the world's first global war. Therefore following a remarkable sequence of events, with treaties and counter-treaties, led inexorably to the 'Great War'. In the First World War 'the Armistice', a cessation of hostilities as a prelude to peace negotiations, is generally referred as the agreement between the Germans and the Allies to end the war on November 11, 1918.
NAME:
Lewis Brock Henry, rank unknown, Nuns Alley, France WW 1, 77th Regt, 58th Bn, C.E.F. Walker Connection: (Ann Walker8, William Walker9)
Jennie Isabel Drummond, Nurse during WW 1. Walker Connection: (Francis Blanche6,John7,Ralph8,William9).
World War II
On the 1st September 1939, Germany attacked Poland without warning. By the evening of the 3rd September, Britain and France were at war with Germany and within a week, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and South Africa had also joined the conflict. The world had been plunged into a world war for the second time in twenty five years. World War II lasted for six long and bloody years and would eventually involve every major country and be fought over five continents and every ocean on the planet. On the 7th May l945 Germany surrendered and the 8th May was declared V-E day (Victory in Europe). On August 6th 1945, at 8:15am the first atomic bomb was dropped from a B29 Super Fortress bomber on Hiroshima. On 15th August 1945, Japan surrendered, V-J day, (Victory in Japan).
NAME:
Lt.Col. William Lindsay Ryerson Heath. Walker Connection: (Bertha McLaren(Sylvia Walker6,John7,John8,William9).
Lt. George Heath. Walker Connection: (Bertha McLaren(Sylvia Walker6,John7,John8,William9).
Donald Orlo Awde, rank unknown, Royal Canadian Air Force, teaching air navigation. Walker Connection: (Lila4,James5,James Henry6,John7,Thomas8,William9).
John Wilkins Woolverton, rank unknown. Walker Connection:(Elizabeth6,John7,Ralph8, William9).
Alan Whammond Woolverton, rank unknown, lost over Germany. Walker Connection: (Elizabeth6,John7,Ralph8,William9).
Elmer Clare Husband, rank unknown, 58th Battalion Broad Gauge Railroad Troops. Walker Connection: (Mary Jane6,Hiram7,Philip8,William9).
Korean War
At approximately 4 a.m., June 25, 1950, The Korean War officially began. In this announcement North Korea claimed South Korea's forces on the Ongjin Peninsula attacked North Korea in the Haeju area (west) and their declaration of war was in response to this attack. On July 27, 1953 The United States, North Korea and China sign an armistice, which ends the war but fails to bring about a permanent peace. To date, the Republic of Korea (South) and Democratic Peoples' Republic of Korea (North) have not signed a peace treaty. North and South Korea did sign a non-aggression treaty in 1991.
NAME:
Vietnam War
In March 1945, Japan ousted the French and assumed direct rule over Vietnam. By the time Japan surrendered to the United States, in August 1945, it represented the strongest political force in Vietnam. On September 2, 1945, Ho Chi Minh proclaimed Vietnam a free and independent country. Within a year, they were once more fighting for the independence of Vietnam against the French. The Geneva Agreements, July 21, 1954, ended the conflict with the French and divided Vietnam at the 17th parallel, Ho Chi Minh firmly controlled the area north of the line, while the area south of the 17th parallel was put in the hands of Ngo Dinh Diem. To reinforce South Korea, President Kennedy dispatched Green Beret "advisers" in 1961 and provided increased military aid, including American-piloted armed helicopters, as the guerrilla war expanded. By spring of 1963, Diem lost the confidence of the Americans as well as his own people and he was killed in an army coup. In the summer of 1964 the American Congress overwhelmingly passed the "Gulf of Tonkin Resolution," authorizing President Johnson to take "all necessary measures to repel any armed attacks against the forces of the United States and to prevent further aggression". On November 3, 1969, President Richard Nixon officially unveiled his "Vietnamization" program. In the 1972 spring offensive and, more tellingly, in a final offensive in 1975, the war finally became that which the United States had always claimed it was: a war for the unification of Vietnam by force, under Hanoi's direction. Saigon fell on April 30, 1975 and the war had come to an end.
NAME:
Warren Reed Walker II, E-5, Army. (Warren3,Warren4,William5,John6,William7,William8,William9)
Operation Desert Storm
In 1990 Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait. President George Herbert Bush freezes Iraqi and Kuwaiti assets. The United Nations calls on Hussein to withdraw and UN economic sanctions are authorized. The 82nd Airborne and several fighter squadrons are dispatched to the area. Iraq then annexes Kuwait. The UN declares Iraq's annexation invalid. The USA announces interdiction program of Iraqi shipping and President George Herbert Bush authorizes call up of reserves. Military interdiction is authorized by the UN. Iraqi forces storm a number of diplomatic missions in Kuwait City. President George Herbert Bush orders additional deployments to give "offensive option" to U.S. forces. In November, UN Security Council authorizes force if Iraq doesn't withdraw from Kuwait by midnight, January 15, 1991, EST. On Jan 12, the US Congress votes to allow US troops to be used in offensive operations. On January 16, the first US government statement of Operation Desert-Storm is made, "The liberation of Kuwait has begun...". The air war started January 16 at 6:38 PM EST with an Apache helicopter attack. U.S. warplanes attack Baghdad, Kuwait and other military targets in Iraq. January 17, Iraq launches first SCUD Missile attack. February 22, President George Herbert Bush issues an ultimatum for February 23 for Iraqi troops to withdraw from Kuwait. As the deadline elapsed the ground war begins with Marines, Army and Arab forces moving into Iraq and Kuwait. February 26, Kuwaiti resistance leaders declare they are in control of Kuwait City. February 27, President George Herbert Bush orders a cease fire effective at midnight Kuwaiti time. March 3, Iraqi leaders formally accept cease fire terms. March 8, 1991 the first US combat forces return home.
NAME:
Staff Sargent Warren Reed Walker II, E-6, Army. (Warren3,Warren4,William5,John6,William7,William8,William9)
War Against Terrorism
September 11, 2001, it began at 7:55, American Airlines Flight 11 leaves Boston bound for Los Angeles. At 8:00, United Airlines Flight 93 departs Newark bound for San Francisco. At 8:10, American Airlines Flight 77 departs Washington bound for Los Angeles. At 8:15, United Airlines Flight 175 departs Boston bound for Los Angeles. All four planes were hijacked by Muslim Terrorists. These hijacked jetliners, set in motion a chain of events that two hours later, two of them would erase the World Trade Center towers from the New York City skyline, one would rip open the west wall of the Pentagon outside Washington. The passengers on the fourth hijacked plane attacked the terrorists and the plane crashed into a field in Pennsylvania. All four attacks killing an uncounted number of innocent people. The Federal Aviation Administration halts all flight operations at the nation's airports for the first time in U.S. history. The U.S. military is placed on high alert. President George Walker Bush addresses the nation and vows to "find those responsible and bring them to justice." Hundreds of New York City firemen, policemen and other rescue workers, attempting to rescue the thousands of workers inside the World Trade Center, are lost when the Twin Towers collapse. International reaction is swift as world leaders react with outrage over the attacks.
NAME:
Operation Iraqi Freedom
Pursuant to UN Security Council Resolution 1441 passed on November 8, 2002, a resolution by the UN Security Council, passed unanimously on November 8, 2002, offering Iraq "a final opportunity to comply with its disarmament obligations" that had been set out in several previous resolutions (resolution 660, resolution 661, resolution 678, resolution 686, resolution 687, resolution 688, resolution 707, resolution 715, resolution 986, and resolution 1284), notably to provide "an accurate full, final, and complete disclosure, as required by Resolution 687 (1991), of all aspects of its programmes to develop weapons of mass destruction and ballistic missiles". Resolution 1441 threatens "serious consequences" if these are not met. It reasserted demands that UN weapons inspectors should have "immediate, unconditional, and unrestricted access" to sites of their choosing, in order to ascertain compliance. On March 19, 2003, U.S. and coalition forces focus on their mission, which is to: End the regime of Saddam Hussein. Identify, isolate, and eliminate Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction, systems, and facilities. Capture or drive out terrorists sheltered in Iraq. Collect intelligence on terrorist networks and on Iraq's illicit WMD activity. Secure Iraq's oil fields and natural resources for the Iraqi people. End sanctions and immediately deliver humanitarian relief and assistance. Help the Iraqi people create the conditions for a rapid transition to representative self-government that does not threaten its neighbors and is committed to the territorial integrity of Iraq. President George Walker Bush assembled a Coalition for military operations to disarm Iraq of its weapons of mass destruction, and enforce 17 United Nations Security Council resolutions. The Coalition will also liberate the Iraqi people from one of the worst tyrants and most brutal regimes on earth. Contributions from Coalition member nations range from: direct military participation, logistical and intelligence support, specialized chemical/biological response teams, over-flight rights, humanitarian and reconstruction aid, to political support. Forty-nine countries are publicly committed to the Coalition. At 9:34 PM EST on March 19, 2003 (5:34 AM local time in Baghdad on March 20), United States and United Kingdom forces consisting of 40 cruise missiles and strikes led by 2 F-117s from the 8th Fighter Squadron (supported by Navy EA-6B Prowlers) and other aircraft began conducting military operations against the state of Iraq designed to disarm Iraq of its weapons of mass destruction and to remove the Iraqi Regime from power. Less than two hours after a deadline expired for Saddam Hussein to leave Iraq, the sound of air raid sirens were heard in Baghdad. A short time later, President George Walker Bush addressed the American public stating that coalition forces were in the "early stages of military operations to disarm Iraq, to free its people and to defend the world from grave danger."
NAME:
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EMAIL:
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Over the centuries many of our Walker ancestors have served in many armed conflicts. Below I will be listing the conflicts and a brief overview of each. I will be adding the military records I currently have and update as I receive more service records. The Walker family member will be listed below the corresponding event. If you have any corrections or additions to any of these veterans, please email me directly at the address shown on the bottom of each page.
NOTE: I have received quite a few emails from people asking for additional information or wanting to contribute information about our family. However, when I try to respond to their email it is blocked from getting return mail. Make sure the email address you send your request from can be replied to. Thank you.
HISTORICAL RECORD: Charles, second Earl Cornwallis, was born on New Year's Eve 1738, the eldest child of a titled and highly respectable family in Suffolk, England. The young Cornwallis possessed a strong sense of duty from an early age, which undoubtedly figured into his choosing the military as a career. Charles purchased an ensign's commission in 1756. Traveling to Italy he attended Turin, a highly respected military academy. The Seven Year War broke out shortly after his enrollment and Charles distinguished himself first as a staff officer and then as a Lieutenant Colonel of the 12th Foot, leading his troops to victory in combat.
In 1762 his father, Charles, first Earl Cornwallis, died and the entire estate passed on to his oldest son. Charles was now the second Earl of Cornwallis. Custom and duty brought Charles home, to set the estate in order and assume his father's seat in the House of Lords.
In 1768, Charles courted and wed Jemima Jones, the daughter of an army Colonel. During Parliamentary sessions and audiences with the King, George III, Cornwallis consistently voted against harsh measures toward the colonies, such as the Stamp Act, even when it was not a popular stand to take.
In 1776 when armed conflict started in Lexington, he accepted a General's commission from the King and volunteered for service in the colonies. Charles participated in the first attempt to capture Charleston, which ended in a miserable failure. His Majesty's troops then sailed to New York and undertook extensive operations there under the command of Sir William Howe. During the Battle of Long Island, General Cornwallis was key in outflanking the Americans and forcing them from New York. George Washington turned the tables and slipped away, circling around and pouncing upon the British rear guard at Princeton after Cornwallis thought he was successfully trapped on the Delaware. However the Earl proved his worth and retrieved his reputation at the battles of Brandywine in the fall of 1777, and Monmouth in the summer of 1778. The battle at Monmouth brought the war to an effective end in the northern colonies with Cornwallis proving himself to be an energetic, fearless and resourceful field commander.
When Cornwallis returned to England on leave, he found his wife Jemima gravely ill. She lingered for several weeks, but died early in 1779. After Jemima's death he found his interest in everyday estate affairs waning. With the King's forces fighting to retain an empire across the sea, Cornwallis sailed back to America.
Sir William Howe had resigned his position as Commander-in-Chief and Sir George Clinton was named to take his place. An expeditionary force sailed from New York harbor in December 1779, with Clinton at its head and Cornwallis as second-in-command. The goal was Charleston, this time however, after a harrowing voyage and a long siege, the British succeeded in taking the city. The fall of Charleston to the King's forces in May of 1780 was a great blow to the Americans. The Continental army suffered the greatest loss of the entire war in terms of men and equipment.
When General Clinton returned to New York in June he left Cornwallis, Lieutenant General of the British Army, in control of the entire southern operation with the orders to take whatever steps needed to win and hold control of the South. No one expected much resistance from the southern colonies. Colonial loyalists were lining up in droves to take the Loyalty Oath and the coming offensive looked to be a cake walk. The response from the Continental army took the form of light skirmishes until the fall of 1780 when on the night of August 16th the two armies literally tripped over each other just north of Camden. Each pulled back and waited the dawn. Once again the American army suffered a horrible defeat, out of the three thousand who faced the British that day only seven hundred escaped death or imprisonment.
In September 1780, thinking the opposition army routed and demoralized, Cornwallis began his invasion of North Carolina setting up a base of operations in Charlotte. The story changed quickly after that. The Patriot resistance was stubborn and better entrenched than expected. A capable British force of about a thousand were wiped out at the Battle of King's Mountain on the border between North and South Carolina. After occupying Charlotte for less then a month, Cornwallis pulled out his troops, establishing winter quarters in Winnsboro, South Carolina. The winter months saw bands of resistance fighters striking everywhere making it hard for the British to keep supply lines open. Such imaginative and resourceful fighters like Francis Marion, the "Swamp Fox", and Thomas Sumter made life miserable for British troops. Longing for one large decisive battle, Cornwallis was frustrated by these hit and run tactics. In December 1780, the opportunity he had been waiting for seemed at hand, General Nathaniel Greene took command of the Continental army in the south. Greene divided his troops and roughly half the army marched west under command of Brigadier General Daniel Morgan. Greene took the other half east to a camp at Cheraw, South Carolina. Cornwallis worked out a plan to deal with this unorthodox tactic: Colonel Tarleton, with his own cavalry plus two regiments of light infantry, would pursue Morgan eastward and either destroy the Americans or run them into the main British command under Cornwallis. They would then turn their attention to dealing with Greene. However, Daniel Morgan decidedly out-maneuvered the less experienced Tarleton at the Battle of Cowpens on January 17, 1781 causing the loss of almost all of Tarleton's light cavalry and troops.
Hoping to force a decisive battle, Cornwallis retreated to Hillsboro, North Carolina, rested and regrouping his fatigued forces. Nathaniel Greene, judging his own army sufficiently strong to win a pitched battle, crossed the border and established a front at Guilford Court House, about twenty five miles west of Hillsboro. Cornwallis considerately marched his troops to meet him. The Battle of Guilford Court House has been judged as some of the hardest fighting of the entire war. Though Cornwallis prevailed in the battle there was not a significant advantage won and he withdrew in April to Wilmington, NC. During that time General Clinton in New York failed to issue Cornwallis any clear orders. This lack would prove fatal in time. At the end of April 1781, Cornwallis, dispirited by his experiences in the Carolinas sailed his troops to Virginia. Over the summer months and after several skirmishes with the Marquis de LaFayette, he was ordered by Sir Henry Clinton to establish and fortify a garrison along the coastline that could be used as a supply base for the Royal Navy. Cornwallis' scouts reported a promising location at the headwaters of the York River, ten miles east of Williamsburg named Yorktown.
Meanwhile, the main American army, under George Washington was in New Jersey. In August 1781, Washington hatched a plot with the French navy for a naval barricade operation in New York harbor. However, once Washington discovered that Cornwallis was digging fortifications for a naval port at Yorktown the opportunity was irresistible. Washington gave Lord Clinton the slip and skirted around New York City and was well on the way to Virginia before Clinton realized his objective and could respond. Even when he realized he had been out maneuvered, Clinton delayed sending reinforcements until late September. Clinton sent word he was sailing south and Cornwallis decided to dig in and wait for him. This proved a pivotal decision, for strong winds delayed Clinton. By the time Cornwallis realized this, it was too late to do anything about it, he was blocked off by land and by sea as the French fleet arrived.
The bombardment of Yorktown started on October 9, 1781. The British lines were devastated. A last desperate attempt to escape over the York River to the British post at Gloucester Point was doomed by a storm. On October 17, Cornwallis knew he had no other recourse and his surrender on that day at Yorktown, VA effectively brought an end to the war.
After the Revolutionary War 1782-1805
In England, King George III did not blame Cornwallis for the loss of the American colonies. In May 1782 he was offered the Governor-Generalship of India, but due to the slowness in the prisoner exchange between Continental Congress member Henry Laurens and himself he was unable to take the position. In February 1783, he resigned his post as constable of the Tower of London and assumed the military duties of the India post in November 1783.
On February 23, 1786, he became Governor of India. Once in charge, Cornwallis reformed the administrative system and put down a rebellion by Tippoo Sahib. The King having made him first Marquis Cornwallis in 1793, Charles returned to England in February 1794. On February 11, 1797, he took the post of Governor-General and Commander in Chief of Ireland where he quelled a rebellion. Cornwallis assisted with passage of the ill omened Act of Union. He resigned in 1801. Charles was instrumental in the Treaty of Amiens. In 1805, he again took the post of Governor of India, but after only two months there Charles, first Marquis Cornwallis died on October 5, 1805 at Ghazipore, India.
The military information listed below was graciously submitted by John P. Kennedy, R.PH., Ph.D. He is related to the North Carolina Robert Walker branch, through his mother, Shirley Myrtle (Walker) Kennedy. John is also a Grandnephew of George Walker, who provided the information in the interview with Hugh Conway Browning on the title page. He has a keen interest in the military and has access to the old documents. I wish to thank him for sharing his knowledge with the rest of us.
19th North Carolina Troops (2nd North Carolina Cavalry) BY W. A. GRAHAM, CAPTAIN COMPANY K.
This regiment, with the first eight regiments of infantry, the Ninth North Carolina Regiment (First Cavalry), the Tenth Regiment (First Artillery), and the Thirty third Regiment of infantry, comprised what was originally known as "State Troops." They enlisted "for the war," and the officers, both regimental and company, were appointed by the Governor. The volunteers enlisted for twelve months (except the Bethel Regiment-six months). Their company officers were elected by the "rank and file" of the company; the field officers by the commissioned officers of the companies of the respective battalions and regiments. In 1862 the right to elect company officers was given by law to the State Troops. The horses for the privates were furnished by the State to the and Second Cavalry Regiments. The regiment, except Company A, assembled at Kittrell's Springs in August and September 1861.
FIELD AND STAFF.
S. B. Spurrill, Colonel.
William G. Robinson, Lieutenant Colonel.
John W. Woodfin, Major.
Guilford Nicholson, Adjutant.
Capt. John S. Hines, Quartermaster.
Capt. John W. Moore, Commissary.
_____ Smith, Surgeon.
R. H. Shields, Assistant Surgeon.
E. P. Tucke, Sergeant Major.
COMPANY A--Cherokee and Adjoining Counties--Captain George W. Hayes; First Lieutenant, John V. B. Rogers; Second Lieutenants, George V. Snider and W. P. Moore.
COMPANY B-Iredell County-Captain, C. M. Andrews; First Lieutenant, S. Jay Andrews; Second Lieutenants, Richard W. Allison and James N. Turner.
COMPANY C-Gates and Hertford Counties--Captain John G. Boo the; First Lieutenant, James M. Wynn; Second Lieutenants, Mills L. Fure and William P. Roberts.
COMPANY D--Cumberland County--Captain, James W.Strange; First Lieutenant, T. S. Lutterloh; Second Lieutenants, Joseph S. Baker and James F. Williams.
COMPANY E-Nash, Wilson and Franklin Counties-- Captain, Columbus A. Thomas; First Lieutenant, J. J. B. Vick; Second Lieutenants, Nick M. Harris and Robert W. Atkinson.
COMPANY F-Guilford Conitty-Captain Barzillai F. Cole; First Lieutenant, R. W. King; Second Lieutenants, P. A. Tatum and ____ Nelson.
COMPANY G-Beaufort Couniy-Captain, Louis F. Satterthwaite; First Lieutenant, William Satterthwaite; Second Lieutenants, Samuel S. Whitehurst and George P.Bryan.
COMPANY H-Bertie and Northampon Counties-Captain, John Randolph; First Lieutenant, H. B. Hardy; Second Lieutenants, W. H. Newsom and George Bishop.
COMPANY I-Moore County-Captain, Jesse L. Bryan; First Lientenant, J. L. Arnold; Second Lieutenants, D. O. Bryan and J. S. Ritter.
COMPANY K-Orange County--Captain, Josiah Turner, Jr.; First Lieutenant, William A. Graham, Jr.; Second Lieutenants, John P. Lockhart and James V. Moore.
NOTE: John P. Kennedy has provided some further information on the 19th North Carolina Troops, 2nd North Carolina Cavalry and while I don't have the space to show it here, I will be happy to share it with anyone who requests it.
FROM J.P.K.'s NOTES: William Sr. (GWW’s grandfather) was in the army of Lord Cornwallis and “suffered everything but death by the American Revolution”. He had property and eight hundred acres of land taken from him and sold by the “rebels” (Colonials).
William then traveled back to Canada after the Revolutionary War. However, some of his NC-USA land remained with his eldest son, Robert. For reasons unknown by me, Robert was allowed to keep this land. Either he did not share his Father’s support of the Devine Right of Kings, he was pardoned, perhaps his marriage was to an influential Colonial family OR … William was a shrewd negotiator and used the story above for political influence of Ontario land grants. Ironically, William’s Great-Grandchildren would be “Rebels” (Confederates) themselves in the next great conflict on American soil.
William S. Walker (George7,Robert8,William9) b.1840 d.1861
Family Record and Spoken History:
William S. Walker enlisted in the Confederate Army, Sept. 10, 1861, Company K, 19th Regiment, 2nd North Carolina Cavalry. He was promoted 4th sergeant. He died at Camp Washington, NC from complication resulting from a case of measles.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
William S Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation:
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 10 September 1861 at the age of 21 Enlisted in Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 10 September 1861. Died of disease Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 26 November 1861 in Edenton, NC.
Robert Young Walker (George7,Robert8,William9) b.1842 d.1914 1st m.1868, Nancy Jane Cole b.1850 d.1881. Robert 2nd m.1888, Ruth Jackson Miller b.1848 d.1935.
Family Record and Spoken History:
Robert Y. Walker served in Company K, 19th Regiment, 2nd North Carolina Cavalry. He returned from the war on Dec. 17, 1868.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
Robert Young Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation:
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 10 September 1861 Enlisted in Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 10 September 1861. POW on 30 June 1863 at Hanover, PA, Wounded on 30 June 1863 at Hanover, PA, Paroled on 23 August 1863 at Baltimore, MD, On rolls on 30 September 1864.
George Washington Walker Jr (George7,Robert8,William9) b.1844 d.1924 m.1867, Cynthia Frances Crabtree b.1846 d.1914.
Family Record and Spoken History:
George W. Walker served in Company K, 19th Regiment, 2nd North Carolina Cavalry. He returned from the war on November 7, 1867.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
George W Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation:
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 01 November 1862 Enlisted in Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 01 November 1862. On rolls on 30 September 1864.
Robert Samuel Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9) b.1840 d.1903.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
Robert Samuel Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation:
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 19 September 1861 Enlisted in Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 19 September 1861. POW on 26 July 1862 at North Carolina, Exchanged on 06 October 1862 at Aiken's Landing, VA POW on 30 June 1863 at Hanover, PA (Or July 1st), Wounded on 30 June 1863 at Hanover, PA (Or July 1st), Returned on 15 July 1863 (Estimated day), Absent on 15 August 1863 (Detailed to buy a Horse), Wounded on 21 May 1864 (Estimated day), Admitted on 22 May 1864 at Hospital, Richmond, VA (With Gunshot wound), On rolls on 30 September 1864.
John Henry Clay Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9) b.1843 d.1928 m. Mary Laws b.1854 d.1941.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
John Henry Clay Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation: Farmer
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 16 May 1862 at the age of 18 Enlisted in Company D, 56th Infantry Regiment North Carolina on 22 May 1862. POW on 01 April 1865 at Five Forks, VA Confined on 06 April 1865 at Point Lookout, MD Took Oath of Allegiance on 22 June 1865 at Point Lookout, MD.
Thomas Simpson Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9) b.1846 d.1938 m. Josephine Walker b.1866 d.1944.
Family Record and Spoken History:
J.P.K.'s NOTES: There is an American Legion Marker C.S.A. on Thomas' grave. My mother has always been told that Thomas was in the “War Between the States”. She also had a picture of him at a Confederate Veteran’s Reunion.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
This is all JPK could find on a Thomas Walker in the Confederate States Army. Thomas Simpson Walker would have only been 15 Years Of Age at the start of the war. If he waited until he was 18 (an assumption) the war would have turned for the worse for the South. Therefore, record keeping would be much poorer. He also could have joined the Militia at an earlier age, but more than likely one of the following “Thomas Walkers” is him and the record keeping was simply poor.
Thomas Walker
Residence:
Occupation:
Service Record: (Most probably Thomas Simpson Walker, he would have been 18 YOA on his enlistment date. I doubt Phillip would have been too keen on his last and youngest son entering the war before he absolutely had to. Thomas’s enlistment left Harriet and Phillip both home without any sons to assist on the farm.) Enlisted as a Private on 27 July 1864 Enlisted in Company G, 7th Infantry Regiment North Carolina on 27 July 1864. On rolls present on 15 October 1864 (Estimated day), Paroled on 01 May 1865 at Greensboro, NC
Thomas Walker
Residence:
Occupation:
Service Record: Doubtful, he would have been only 15 YOA.
Enlisted as a Private on 13 September 1861
T. Walker
Residence:
Occupation:
Service Record: (Possible for TSW) Enlisted as a Private, Paroled on 20 April 1865 at Raleigh, NC.
Levi S. Walker b.1839 (William7,Robert8,William9)
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
Levi S Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation:
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 16 September 1861 Enlisted in Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 16 September 1861. POW on 06 September 1862 at North Carolina Exchanged on 06 October 1862 at Aiken's Landing, VA Paroled on 06 October 1862 at Aiken's Landing, VA On rolls on 30 September 1864
William Robert Walker Jr. (William7,Robert8,William9) b.1839 Orange Co. d.1924 m.1871, Harriett Cohen Vaughn b.1847 d.1944.
Family Record and Spoken History: Family lore has it that William Robert Walker Jr served in the war and was a prisoner. Stories were told of how William walked home after the war. On his arrival at his home on the Little River they had to burn his clothes because of lice. There is a record of a William R Walker that was taken prisoner and confined at Point Lookout, MD.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
William R Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation: Farmer
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 12 May 1862 at the age of 20 Enlisted in Company D, 56th Infantry Regiment North Carolina on 22 May 1862. Hospitalized on 08 August 1862 at Raleigh, NC Returned on 30 September 1862 Wounded on 15 May 1864 POW on 25 March 1865 at Fort Stedman, VA Confined on 28 March 1865 at Point Lookout, MD Took Oath of Allegiance on 21 June 1865 at Point Lookout, MD
FROM J.P.K.'s NOTES: This Walker was also found in my search of NC-Civil War records; however, I do not know his connection to the family “tree”, if any. He would have been the same age as his “cousins” who enlisted with him.
George A Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation: Farmer
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 03 March 1862 at the age of 20 Enlisted in Company G, 27th Infantry Regiment North Carolina on 03 March 1862. Wounded on 17 September 1862 at Sharpsburg, MD Returned on 04 March 1863 POW on 04 April 1865 at Sutherland's Station, VA Confined on 10 April 1865 at Point Lookout, MD Took Oath of Allegiance on 21 June 1865 at Point Lookout, MD.
Revolutionary War or War of Independence.
July 4, 1776 marked the beginning of the United States of America and the start of the Revolutionary War. The colonists, who had been loyal British subjects, fought for freedom and independence from British rule. In September 1783 a peace treaty is signed between Great Britain and the United States.
NAME:
Quasi-War with France 1798-1801
With independence won, the last ship of the Continental Navy was sold in 1785, and the Nation soon experienced the consequences of neglecting sea power. The actions of Mediterranean pirates caused Congress in 1794 to provide a Navy for the protection of commerce. Subsequently, depredations by the privateers of Revolutionary France against the expanding merchant shipping of the United States led to an undeclared war fought entirely at sea. In this quasi-war the new U.S. Navy received its baptism of fire.
NAME:
War of 1812
the War of 1812, declared by the United States on Great Britain under President James Madison on 18 June 1812, is a source of pride to Canadians as many inhabitants, principally of Upper Canada, fought alongside the Regular British Army and Indian allies to thwart American plans to capture what were then the British colonies on their northern flank. The war was primarily caused by the British Navy's boarding of American ships to forcibly enlist any sailors of British origin and its attempts to prevent the United States from trading with France. The United States planned to take over Upper Canada (the basis of modern-day Ontario) and Lower Canada (the basis of modern-day Québec) in a single mass attack. The invasion was to occur at four strategic locations: across from Detroit, in the Niagara area, at Kingston, and south of Montréal. here were wins and losses on both sides during the two years that the war lasted, with no clear victory for either of the warring parties, the Treaty of Ghent signed on 24 December 1814 maintained the status quo.
NAME:
Isaac Walker (William9).
Ralph Walker Sr. (William9).
Thomas Walker (William9).
The Patriot Insurrection (1837-1838)
Several events contributed to the rise of nationalism, which found its outlet in the insurrection of 1837. Apart from the numerous conflicts that pitted the two groups against each other, a major issue worsened the situation, namely the question of subsidies. Subsidies were the amounts of money that the Assembly granted to the governor and the Executive Council to balance the budget. In 1818, the Assembly approved the subsidies requested by the Governor, but demanded that numerous abuses be rectified, such as pensions for deceased individuals, paying people to do nothing, salaries for non-residents, and fictitious salaries. Nothing was done. The following year, Governor Charles Gordon Lennox, Duke of Richmond, submitted a request containing the same abuses. The Assembly voted on the budget section by section, refusing to allocate funds for abusive expenditures. The Legislative Council blocked the effort. While the subsidy crisis was fomenting, another major problem arose, this time concerning the sharing of customs duties between Upper and Lower Canada. Discontent peaked in Lower Canada in the spring of 1837. Despite the repeated requests of the Patriot Party, London still refused to reconstitute the Legislative Council as an elected body or to make the Executive Council answerable to the House of Assembly. Protest meetings, soon to be prohibited by Governor Gosford, were held everywhere. Rebellion finally broke out in the fall. "Patriots," often poorly organized, took up arms against the English army at St. Denis, St. Charles and St. Eustache. The crackdown was swift: villages were burned, members of the public were attacked, and women and children were put out of their homes just as winter was setting in. In November, the Patriots attacked English troops at Lacolle and Odeltown, but the operation was a fiasco. The second crackdown was worse than the first. More villages were pillaged and burned. Almost 1000 people were arrested, twice as many as in 1837. Of these, 108 were put on trial, about 60 were deported, and 12 were hanged in the Pied-du-Courant prison in Montreal.
NAME:
Major George Walker. (John7,Thomas8,William9)
Lt. Bayard (Byard) McCurdy, served in the 4th Lincoln, Rebellion of 1837. (Ann7,Ralph8,William9)
Indian Wars
The Indian Wars began in 1835 and ended 1842. The boggy maze of the Everglades long provided a fortress of refuge for the resourceful Seminole Indians. In 1835 the massacre of an Army detachment by the Indians dictated use of naval and Marine forces in the watery environment. Landing parties from the West India Squadron commanded by Commodore Alexander Dallas relieved Army garrisons enabling them to serve in the interior. In 1836, involvement of the Creek Indians extended the war to southern Alabama and Georgia. Lines of communications were kept secure, and Army troops, reinforced by practically the entire Marine Corps, were supplied by small Navy steamers plying the Chattahoochee and other rivers. Manned by sailors, soldiers, and Marines, a brown water "mosquito fleet" composed of small sailors, flat bottomed barges and shallow dugouts under Lieutenant J. T. McLaughlin, actively seconded by Lieutenant John Rodgers, penetrated hundreds of miles into swamps and twisting tributaries to find and help defeat the elusive enemy.
NAME:
Mexican War
The Mexican War began 1846 and ended in 1848. Friction between the United States and Mexico, aggravated by an ever-increasing American population in the southwest and admission of the Texas Republic into the Union, resulted in war.
NAME:
Civil War or War Between the States.
The quiet hours of the morning of April 21, 1861, were shattered by the blasting of Confederate artillery aimed at Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. It was the first act in the American Civil War, a conflict that was to cause the death of more Americans then any other. Some of the questions which caused the war remain unanswered to this day. The Civil War ended in 1865 when General Lee met General Grant at Appomattox Courthouse and formally surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia.
Northern Troops
NAME:
Patrick Toner served in the Civil War between 1861 and 1865 in the 14TH Michigan Infantry. (Katherine Toner Walker4,William5,John6,William7,William8,William9)
Southern Troops
NAME:
William S. Walker (George7,Robert8,William9).
Robert Young Walker (George7,Robert8,William9).
George Washington Walker Jr (George7,Robert8,William9).
Robert Samuel Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9).
John Henry Clay Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9).
Thomas Simpson Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9).
Levi S. Walker b.1839 (William7,Robert8,William9).
William Robert Walker Jr. (William7,Robert8,William9).
Spanish-American War
On January 24 the Maine was ordered to Havana, Cuba. This was the first visit of a vessel of the United States Navy to any port in Cuba for several years, although the necessity of protecting American interests made the presence of our flag in Cuban ports desirable. On the night of 15 February l898 the battleship USS Maine was shattered by an explosion which sent the ship and two-thirds of her crew to the bottom of Havana harbor. Bolstered by wide-spread sympathy for those who were seeking Cuban independence from Spain's colonial rule, the emotion-charged Maine tragedy forced the already strained Spanish-American relations to the breaking point, precipitating a short war rapidly decided by two naval engagements. On August 13, 1898 after the arrival of General Merritt, the city of Manila surrendered to the Army and Navy.
NAME:
Philippine Insurrection
The Philippine Insurrection Campaign began in 1899 and ended in 1902. With the close of the Spanish-American War, the United States acquired the Philippine Islands, long torn by strife. Military action was necessary to bring stability to the troubled area. Landing parties of sailors and Marines came ashore at various points to quell disturbances and maintain order. Naval ships supported Army operations with gunfire, provided mobility to deploy forces rapidly, and patrolled the waters of the archipelago to prevent supplies reaching the insurgents.
15 July 1996.
NAME:
Latin American Campaign
The Latin American Campaigns began in 1906 and ended in 1920. In response to internal upheaval and European threats of intervention relating to international debts, the U.S. Navy was called upon to help establish political and economic stability in Latin America during the first two decades of the 20th century.
NAME:
Second Nicaraguan Campaign
The Second Nicaraguan Campaign began in 1926 and ended in 1933. Civil war broke out in Nicaragua during the first months of 1926, and U.S. naval landing parties went ashore to establish a neutral zone for the protection of American citizens. As the fighting intensified and spread, additional coastal enclaves were formed by the Navy to shelter refugees. By January 1927 the U.S. Special Service Squadron was reinforced by two light cruisers and seven destroyers. When the danger points moved inland, 3,000 U.S. Marines supported by planes from Navy Observation Squadron 3 landed at the request of the Nicaraguan government. Once order was restored, sailors and Marines monitored free elections and organized and trained an efficient National Guard.
NAME:
World War I
For America, World War I began 1917 and ended 1918. The explosive that was World War I had been long in the stockpiling; the spark was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914. Ferdinand's death at the hands of the Black Hand, a Serbian nationalist secret society, set in train a mindlessly mechanical series of events that culminated in the world's first global war. Therefore following a remarkable sequence of events, with treaties and counter-treaties, led inexorably to the 'Great War'. In the First World War 'the Armistice', a cessation of hostilities as a prelude to peace negotiations, is generally referred as the agreement between the Germans and the Allies to end the war on November 11, 1918.
NAME:
Lewis Brock Henry, rank unknown, Nuns Alley, France WW 1, 77th Regt, 58th Bn, C.E.F. Walker Connection: (Ann Walker8, William Walker9)
Jennie Isabel Drummond, Nurse during WW 1. Walker Connection: (Francis Blanche6,John7,Ralph8,William9).
World War II
On the 1st September 1939, Germany attacked Poland without warning. By the evening of the 3rd September, Britain and France were at war with Germany and within a week, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and South Africa had also joined the conflict. The world had been plunged into a world war for the second time in twenty five years. World War II lasted for six long and bloody years and would eventually involve every major country and be fought over five continents and every ocean on the planet. On the 7th May l945 Germany surrendered and the 8th May was declared V-E day (Victory in Europe). On August 6th 1945, at 8:15am the first atomic bomb was dropped from a B29 Super Fortress bomber on Hiroshima. On 15th August 1945, Japan surrendered, V-J day, (Victory in Japan).
NAME:
Lt.Col. William Lindsay Ryerson Heath. Walker Connection: (Bertha McLaren(Sylvia Walker6,John7,John8,William9).
Lt. George Heath. Walker Connection: (Bertha McLaren(Sylvia Walker6,John7,John8,William9).
Donald Orlo Awde, rank unknown, Royal Canadian Air Force, teaching air navigation. Walker Connection: (Lila4,James5,James Henry6,John7,Thomas8,William9).
John Wilkins Woolverton, rank unknown. Walker Connection:(Elizabeth6,John7,Ralph8, William9).
Alan Whammond Woolverton, rank unknown, lost over Germany. Walker Connection: (Elizabeth6,John7,Ralph8,William9).
Elmer Clare Husband, rank unknown, 58th Battalion Broad Gauge Railroad Troops. Walker Connection: (Mary Jane6,Hiram7,Philip8,William9).
Korean War
At approximately 4 a.m., June 25, 1950, The Korean War officially began. In this announcement North Korea claimed South Korea's forces on the Ongjin Peninsula attacked North Korea in the Haeju area (west) and their declaration of war was in response to this attack. On July 27, 1953 The United States, North Korea and China sign an armistice, which ends the war but fails to bring about a permanent peace. To date, the Republic of Korea (South) and Democratic Peoples' Republic of Korea (North) have not signed a peace treaty. North and South Korea did sign a non-aggression treaty in 1991.
NAME:
Vietnam War
In March 1945, Japan ousted the French and assumed direct rule over Vietnam. By the time Japan surrendered to the United States, in August 1945, it represented the strongest political force in Vietnam. On September 2, 1945, Ho Chi Minh proclaimed Vietnam a free and independent country. Within a year, they were once more fighting for the independence of Vietnam against the French. The Geneva Agreements, July 21, 1954, ended the conflict with the French and divided Vietnam at the 17th parallel, Ho Chi Minh firmly controlled the area north of the line, while the area south of the 17th parallel was put in the hands of Ngo Dinh Diem. To reinforce South Korea, President Kennedy dispatched Green Beret "advisers" in 1961 and provided increased military aid, including American-piloted armed helicopters, as the guerrilla war expanded. By spring of 1963, Diem lost the confidence of the Americans as well as his own people and he was killed in an army coup. In the summer of 1964 the American Congress overwhelmingly passed the "Gulf of Tonkin Resolution," authorizing President Johnson to take "all necessary measures to repel any armed attacks against the forces of the United States and to prevent further aggression". On November 3, 1969, President Richard Nixon officially unveiled his "Vietnamization" program. In the 1972 spring offensive and, more tellingly, in a final offensive in 1975, the war finally became that which the United States had always claimed it was: a war for the unification of Vietnam by force, under Hanoi's direction. Saigon fell on April 30, 1975 and the war had come to an end.
NAME:
Warren Reed Walker II, E-5, Army. (Warren3,Warren4,William5,John6,William7,William8,William9)
Operation Desert Storm
In 1990 Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait. President George Herbert Bush freezes Iraqi and Kuwaiti assets. The United Nations calls on Hussein to withdraw and UN economic sanctions are authorized. The 82nd Airborne and several fighter squadrons are dispatched to the area. Iraq then annexes Kuwait. The UN declares Iraq's annexation invalid. The USA announces interdiction program of Iraqi shipping and President George Herbert Bush authorizes call up of reserves. Military interdiction is authorized by the UN. Iraqi forces storm a number of diplomatic missions in Kuwait City. President George Herbert Bush orders additional deployments to give "offensive option" to U.S. forces. In November, UN Security Council authorizes force if Iraq doesn't withdraw from Kuwait by midnight, January 15, 1991, EST. On Jan 12, the US Congress votes to allow US troops to be used in offensive operations. On January 16, the first US government statement of Operation Desert-Storm is made, "The liberation of Kuwait has begun...". The air war started January 16 at 6:38 PM EST with an Apache helicopter attack. U.S. warplanes attack Baghdad, Kuwait and other military targets in Iraq. January 17, Iraq launches first SCUD Missile attack. February 22, President George Herbert Bush issues an ultimatum for February 23 for Iraqi troops to withdraw from Kuwait. As the deadline elapsed the ground war begins with Marines, Army and Arab forces moving into Iraq and Kuwait. February 26, Kuwaiti resistance leaders declare they are in control of Kuwait City. February 27, President George Herbert Bush orders a cease fire effective at midnight Kuwaiti time. March 3, Iraqi leaders formally accept cease fire terms. March 8, 1991 the first US combat forces return home.
NAME:
Staff Sargent Warren Reed Walker II, E-6, Army. (Warren3,Warren4,William5,John6,William7,William8,William9)
War Against Terrorism
September 11, 2001, it began at 7:55, American Airlines Flight 11 leaves Boston bound for Los Angeles. At 8:00, United Airlines Flight 93 departs Newark bound for San Francisco. At 8:10, American Airlines Flight 77 departs Washington bound for Los Angeles. At 8:15, United Airlines Flight 175 departs Boston bound for Los Angeles. All four planes were hijacked by Muslim Terrorists. These hijacked jetliners, set in motion a chain of events that two hours later, two of them would erase the World Trade Center towers from the New York City skyline, one would rip open the west wall of the Pentagon outside Washington. The passengers on the fourth hijacked plane attacked the terrorists and the plane crashed into a field in Pennsylvania. All four attacks killing an uncounted number of innocent people. The Federal Aviation Administration halts all flight operations at the nation's airports for the first time in U.S. history. The U.S. military is placed on high alert. President George Walker Bush addresses the nation and vows to "find those responsible and bring them to justice." Hundreds of New York City firemen, policemen and other rescue workers, attempting to rescue the thousands of workers inside the World Trade Center, are lost when the Twin Towers collapse. International reaction is swift as world leaders react with outrage over the attacks.
NAME:
Operation Iraqi Freedom
Pursuant to UN Security Council Resolution 1441 passed on November 8, 2002, a resolution by the UN Security Council, passed unanimously on November 8, 2002, offering Iraq "a final opportunity to comply with its disarmament obligations" that had been set out in several previous resolutions (resolution 660, resolution 661, resolution 678, resolution 686, resolution 687, resolution 688, resolution 707, resolution 715, resolution 986, and resolution 1284), notably to provide "an accurate full, final, and complete disclosure, as required by Resolution 687 (1991), of all aspects of its programmes to develop weapons of mass destruction and ballistic missiles". Resolution 1441 threatens "serious consequences" if these are not met. It reasserted demands that UN weapons inspectors should have "immediate, unconditional, and unrestricted access" to sites of their choosing, in order to ascertain compliance. On March 19, 2003, U.S. and coalition forces focus on their mission, which is to: End the regime of Saddam Hussein. Identify, isolate, and eliminate Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction, systems, and facilities. Capture or drive out terrorists sheltered in Iraq. Collect intelligence on terrorist networks and on Iraq's illicit WMD activity. Secure Iraq's oil fields and natural resources for the Iraqi people. End sanctions and immediately deliver humanitarian relief and assistance. Help the Iraqi people create the conditions for a rapid transition to representative self-government that does not threaten its neighbors and is committed to the territorial integrity of Iraq. President George Walker Bush assembled a Coalition for military operations to disarm Iraq of its weapons of mass destruction, and enforce 17 United Nations Security Council resolutions. The Coalition will also liberate the Iraqi people from one of the worst tyrants and most brutal regimes on earth. Contributions from Coalition member nations range from: direct military participation, logistical and intelligence support, specialized chemical/biological response teams, over-flight rights, humanitarian and reconstruction aid, to political support. Forty-nine countries are publicly committed to the Coalition. At 9:34 PM EST on March 19, 2003 (5:34 AM local time in Baghdad on March 20), United States and United Kingdom forces consisting of 40 cruise missiles and strikes led by 2 F-117s from the 8th Fighter Squadron (supported by Navy EA-6B Prowlers) and other aircraft began conducting military operations against the state of Iraq designed to disarm Iraq of its weapons of mass destruction and to remove the Iraqi Regime from power. Less than two hours after a deadline expired for Saddam Hussein to leave Iraq, the sound of air raid sirens were heard in Baghdad. A short time later, President George Walker Bush addressed the American public stating that coalition forces were in the "early stages of military operations to disarm Iraq, to free its people and to defend the world from grave danger."
NAME:
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EMAIL:
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NOTE: I have received quite a few emails from people asking for additional information or wanting to contribute information about our family. However, when I try to respond to their email it is blocked from getting return mail. Make sure the email address you send your request from can be replied to. Thank you.
HISTORICAL RECORD: Charles, second Earl Cornwallis, was born on New Year's Eve 1738, the eldest child of a titled and highly respectable family in Suffolk, England. The young Cornwallis possessed a strong sense of duty from an early age, which undoubtedly figured into his choosing the military as a career. Charles purchased an ensign's commission in 1756. Traveling to Italy he attended Turin, a highly respected military academy. The Seven Year War broke out shortly after his enrollment and Charles distinguished himself first as a staff officer and then as a Lieutenant Colonel of the 12th Foot, leading his troops to victory in combat.
In 1762 his father, Charles, first Earl Cornwallis, died and the entire estate passed on to his oldest son. Charles was now the second Earl of Cornwallis. Custom and duty brought Charles home, to set the estate in order and assume his father's seat in the House of Lords.
In 1768, Charles courted and wed Jemima Jones, the daughter of an army Colonel. During Parliamentary sessions and audiences with the King, George III, Cornwallis consistently voted against harsh measures toward the colonies, such as the Stamp Act, even when it was not a popular stand to take.
In 1776 when armed conflict started in Lexington, he accepted a General's commission from the King and volunteered for service in the colonies. Charles participated in the first attempt to capture Charleston, which ended in a miserable failure. His Majesty's troops then sailed to New York and undertook extensive operations there under the command of Sir William Howe. During the Battle of Long Island, General Cornwallis was key in outflanking the Americans and forcing them from New York. George Washington turned the tables and slipped away, circling around and pouncing upon the British rear guard at Princeton after Cornwallis thought he was successfully trapped on the Delaware. However the Earl proved his worth and retrieved his reputation at the battles of Brandywine in the fall of 1777, and Monmouth in the summer of 1778. The battle at Monmouth brought the war to an effective end in the northern colonies with Cornwallis proving himself to be an energetic, fearless and resourceful field commander.
When Cornwallis returned to England on leave, he found his wife Jemima gravely ill. She lingered for several weeks, but died early in 1779. After Jemima's death he found his interest in everyday estate affairs waning. With the King's forces fighting to retain an empire across the sea, Cornwallis sailed back to America. Sir William Howe had resigned his position as Commander-in-Chief and Sir George Clinton was named to take his place. An expeditionary force sailed from New York harbor in December 1779, with Clinton at its head and Cornwallis as second-in-command. The goal was Charleston, this time however, after a harrowing voyage and a long siege, the British succeeded in taking the city. The fall of Charleston to the King's forces in May of 1780 was a great blow to the Americans. The Continental army suffered the greatest loss of the entire war in terms of men and equipment.
When General Clinton returned to New York in June he left Cornwallis, Lieutenant General of the British Army, in control of the entire southern operation with the orders to take whatever steps needed to win and hold control of the South. No one expected much resistance from the southern colonies. Colonial loyalists were lining up in droves to take the Loyalty Oath and the coming offensive looked to be a cake walk. The response from the Continental army took the form of light skirmishes until the fall of 1780 when on the night of August 16th the two armies literally tripped over each other just north of Camden. Each pulled back and waited the dawn. Once again the American army suffered a horrible defeat, out of the three thousand who faced the British that day only seven hundred escaped death or imprisonment.
In September 1780, thinking the opposition army routed and demoralized, Cornwallis began his invasion of North Carolina setting up a base of operations in Charlotte. The story changed quickly after that. The Patriot resistance was stubborn and better entrenched than expected. A capable British force of about a thousand were wiped out at the Battle of King's Mountain on the border between North and South Carolina. After occupying Charlotte for less then a month, Cornwallis pulled out his troops, establishing winter quarters in Winnsboro, South Carolina. The winter months saw bands of resistance fighters striking everywhere making it hard for the British to keep supply lines open. Such imaginative and resourceful fighters like Francis Marion, the "Swamp Fox", and Thomas Sumter made life miserable for British troops. Longing for one large decisive battle, Cornwallis was frustrated by these hit and run tactics. In December 1780, the opportunity he had been waiting for seemed at hand, General Nathaniel Greene took command of the Continental army in the south. Greene divided his troops and roughly half the army marched west under command of Brigadier General Daniel Morgan. Greene took the other half east to a camp at Cheraw, South Carolina. Cornwallis worked out a plan to deal with this unorthodox tactic: Colonel Tarleton, with his own cavalry plus two regiments of light infantry, would pursue Morgan eastward and either destroy the Americans or run them into the main British command under Cornwallis. They would then turn their attention to dealing with Greene. However, Daniel Morgan decidedly out-maneuvered the less experienced Tarleton at the Battle of Cowpens on January 17, 1781 causing the loss of almost all of Tarleton's light cavalry and troops.
Hoping to force a decisive battle, Cornwallis retreated to Hillsboro, North Carolina, rested and regrouping his fatigued forces. Nathaniel Greene, judging his own army sufficiently strong to win a pitched battle, crossed the border and established a front at Guilford Court House, about twenty five miles west of Hillsboro. Cornwallis considerately marched his troops to meet him. The Battle of Guilford Court House has been judged as some of the hardest fighting of the entire war. Though Cornwallis prevailed in the battle there was not a significant advantage won and he withdrew in April to Wilmington, NC. During that time General Clinton in New York failed to issue Cornwallis any clear orders. This lack would prove fatal in time. At the end of April 1781, Cornwallis, dispirited by his experiences in the Carolinas sailed his troops to Virginia. Over the summer months and after several skirmishes with the Marquis de LaFayette, he was ordered by Sir Henry Clinton to establish and fortify a garrison along the coastline that could be used as a supply base for the Royal Navy. Cornwallis' scouts reported a promising location at the headwaters of the York River, ten miles east of Williamsburg named Yorktown.
Meanwhile, the main American army, under George Washington was in New Jersey. In August 1781, Washington hatched a plot with the French navy for a naval barricade operation in New York harbor. However, once Washington discovered that Cornwallis was digging fortifications for a naval port at Yorktown the opportunity was irresistible. Washington gave Lord Clinton the slip and skirted around New York City and was well on the way to Virginia before Clinton realized his objective and could respond. Even when he realized he had been out maneuvered, Clinton delayed sending reinforcements until late September. Clinton sent word he was sailing south and Cornwallis decided to dig in and wait for him. This proved a pivotal decision, for strong winds delayed Clinton. By the time Cornwallis realized this, it was too late to do anything about it, he was blocked off by land and by sea as the French fleet arrived.
The bombardment of Yorktown started on October 9, 1781. The British lines were devastated. A last desperate attempt to escape over the York River to the British post at Gloucester Point was doomed by a storm. On October 17, Cornwallis knew he had no other recourse and his surrender on that day at Yorktown, VA effectively brought an end to the war.
After the Revolutionary War 1782-1805
In England, King George III did not blame Cornwallis for the loss of the American colonies. In May 1782 he was offered the Governor-Generalship of India, but due to the slowness in the prisoner exchange between Continental Congress member Henry Laurens and himself he was unable to take the position. In February 1783, he resigned his post as constable of the Tower of London and assumed the military duties of the India post in November 1783.
On February 23, 1786, he became Governor of India. Once in charge, Cornwallis reformed the administrative system and put down a rebellion by Tippoo Sahib. The King having made him first Marquis Cornwallis in 1793, Charles returned to England in February 1794. On February 11, 1797, he took the post of Governor-General and Commander in Chief of Ireland where he quelled a rebellion. Cornwallis assisted with passage of the ill omened Act of Union. He resigned in 1801. Charles was instrumental in the Treaty of Amiens. In 1805, he again took the post of Governor of India, but after only two months there Charles, first Marquis Cornwallis died on October 5, 1805 at Ghazipore, India.
The military information listed below was graciously submitted by John P. Kennedy, R.PH., Ph.D. He is related to the North Carolina Robert Walker branch, through his mother, Shirley Myrtle (Walker) Kennedy. John is also a Grandnephew of George Walker, who provided the information in the interview with Hugh Conway Browning on the title page. He has a keen interest in the military and has access to the old documents. I wish to thank him for sharing his knowledge with the rest of us.
19th North Carolina Troops (2nd North Carolina Cavalry) BY W. A. GRAHAM, CAPTAIN COMPANY K.
This regiment, with the first eight regiments of infantry, the Ninth North Carolina Regiment (First Cavalry), the Tenth Regiment (First Artillery), and the Thirty third Regiment of infantry, comprised what was originally known as "State Troops." They enlisted "for the war," and the officers, both regimental and company, were appointed by the Governor. The volunteers enlisted for twelve months (except the Bethel Regiment-six months). Their company officers were elected by the "rank and file" of the company; the field officers by the commissioned officers of the companies of the respective battalions and regiments. In 1862 the right to elect company officers was given by law to the State Troops. The horses for the privates were furnished by the State to the and Second Cavalry Regiments. The regiment, except Company A, assembled at Kittrell's Springs in August and September 1861.
FIELD AND STAFF.
S. B. Spurrill, Colonel.
William G. Robinson, Lieutenant Colonel.
John W. Woodfin, Major.
Guilford Nicholson, Adjutant.
Capt. John S. Hines, Quartermaster.
Capt. John W. Moore, Commissary.
_____ Smith, Surgeon.
R. H. Shields, Assistant Surgeon.
E. P. Tucke, Sergeant Major.
COMPANY A--Cherokee and Adjoining Counties--Captain George W. Hayes; First Lieutenant, John V. B. Rogers; Second Lieutenants, George V. Snider and W. P. Moore.
COMPANY B-Iredell County-Captain, C. M. Andrews; First Lieutenant, S. Jay Andrews; Second Lieutenants, Richard W. Allison and James N. Turner.
COMPANY C-Gates and Hertford Counties--Captain John G. Boo the; First Lieutenant, James M. Wynn; Second Lieutenants, Mills L. Fure and William P. Roberts.
COMPANY D--Cumberland County--Captain, James W.Strange; First Lieutenant, T. S. Lutterloh; Second Lieutenants, Joseph S. Baker and James F. Williams.
COMPANY E-Nash, Wilson and Franklin Counties-- Captain, Columbus A. Thomas; First Lieutenant, J. J. B. Vick; Second Lieutenants, Nick M. Harris and Robert W. Atkinson.
COMPANY F-Guilford Conitty-Captain Barzillai F. Cole; First Lieutenant, R. W. King; Second Lieutenants, P. A. Tatum and ____ Nelson.
COMPANY G-Beaufort Couniy-Captain, Louis F. Satterthwaite; First Lieutenant, William Satterthwaite; Second Lieutenants, Samuel S. Whitehurst and George P.Bryan.
COMPANY H-Bertie and Northampon Counties-Captain, John Randolph; First Lieutenant, H. B. Hardy; Second Lieutenants, W. H. Newsom and George Bishop.
COMPANY I-Moore County-Captain, Jesse L. Bryan; First Lientenant, J. L. Arnold; Second Lieutenants, D. O. Bryan and J. S. Ritter.
COMPANY K-Orange County--Captain, Josiah Turner, Jr.; First Lieutenant, William A. Graham, Jr.; Second Lieutenants, John P. Lockhart and James V. Moore.
NOTE: John P. Kennedy has provided some further information on the 19th North Carolina Troops, 2nd North Carolina Cavalry and while I don't have the space to show it here, I will be happy to share it with anyone who requests it.
FROM J.P.K.'s NOTES: William Sr. (GWW’s grandfather) was in the army of Lord Cornwallis and “suffered everything but death by the American Revolution”. He had property and eight hundred acres of land taken from him and sold by the “rebels” (Colonials).
William then traveled back to Canada after the Revolutionary War. However, some of his NC-USA land remained with his eldest son, Robert. For reasons unknown by me, Robert was allowed to keep this land. Either he did not share his Father’s support of the Devine Right of Kings, he was pardoned, perhaps his marriage was to an influential Colonial family OR … William was a shrewd negotiator and used the story above for political influence of Ontario land grants. Ironically, William’s Great-Grandchildren would be “Rebels” (Confederates) themselves in the next great conflict on American soil.
William S. Walker (George7,Robert8,William9) b.1840 d.1861
Family Record and Spoken History: William S. Walker enlisted in the Confederate Army, Sept. 10, 1861, Company K, 19th Regiment, 2nd North Carolina Cavalry. He was promoted 4th sergeant. He died at Camp Washington, NC from complication resulting from a case of measles.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
William S Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation:
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 10 September 1861 at the age of 21 Enlisted in Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 10 September 1861. Died of disease Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 26 November 1861 in Edenton, NC.
Robert Young Walker (George7,Robert8,William9) b.1842 d.1914 1st m.1868, Nancy Jane Cole b.1850 d.1881. Robert 2nd m.1888, Ruth Jackson Miller b.1848 d.1935.
Family Record and Spoken History:
Robert Y. Walker served in Company K, 19th Regiment, 2nd North Carolina Cavalry. He returned from the war on Dec. 17, 1868.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
Robert Young Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation:
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 10 September 1861 Enlisted in Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 10 September 1861. POW on 30 June 1863 at Hanover, PA, Wounded on 30 June 1863 at Hanover, PA, Paroled on 23 August 1863 at Baltimore, MD, On rolls on 30 September 1864.
George Washington Walker Jr (George7,Robert8,William9) b.1844 d.1924 m.1867, Cynthia Frances Crabtree b.1846 d.1914.
Family Record and Spoken History:
George W. Walker served in Company K, 19th Regiment, 2nd North Carolina Cavalry. He returned from the war on November 7, 1867.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
George W Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation:
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 01 November 1862 Enlisted in Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 01 November 1862. On rolls on 30 September 1864.
Robert Samuel Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9) b.1840 d.1903.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
Robert Samuel Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation:
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 19 September 1861 Enlisted in Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 19 September 1861. POW on 26 July 1862 at North Carolina, Exchanged on 06 October 1862 at Aiken's Landing, VA POW on 30 June 1863 at Hanover, PA (Or July 1st), Wounded on 30 June 1863 at Hanover, PA (Or July 1st), Returned on 15 July 1863 (Estimated day), Absent on 15 August 1863 (Detailed to buy a Horse), Wounded on 21 May 1864 (Estimated day), Admitted on 22 May 1864 at Hospital, Richmond, VA (With Gunshot wound), On rolls on 30 September 1864.
John Henry Clay Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9) b.1843 d.1928 m. Mary Laws b.1854 d.1941.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
John Henry Clay Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation: Farmer
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 16 May 1862 at the age of 18 Enlisted in Company D, 56th Infantry Regiment North Carolina on 22 May 1862. POW on 01 April 1865 at Five Forks, VA Confined on 06 April 1865 at Point Lookout, MD Took Oath of Allegiance on 22 June 1865 at Point Lookout, MD.
Thomas Simpson Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9) b.1846 d.1938 m. Josephine Walker b.1866 d.1944.
Family Record and Spoken History:
J.P.K.'s NOTES: There is an American Legion Marker C.S.A. on Thomas' grave. My mother has always been told that Thomas was in the “War Between the States”. She also had a picture of him at a Confederate Veteran’s Reunion.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK): This is all JPK could find on a Thomas Walker in the Confederate States Army. Thomas Simpson Walker would have only been 15 Years Of Age at the start of the war. If he waited until he was 18 (an assumption) the war would have turned for the worse for the South. Therefore, record keeping would be much poorer. He also could have joined the Militia at an earlier age, but more than likely one of the following “Thomas Walkers” is him and the record keeping was simply poor.
Thomas Walker
Residence:
Occupation:
Service Record: (Most probably Thomas Simpson Walker, he would have been 18 YOA on his enlistment date. I doubt Phillip would have been too keen on his last and youngest son entering the war before he absolutely had to. Thomas’s enlistment left Harriet and Phillip both home without any sons to assist on the farm.) Enlisted as a Private on 27 July 1864 Enlisted in Company G, 7th Infantry Regiment North Carolina on 27 July 1864. On rolls present on 15 October 1864 (Estimated day), Paroled on 01 May 1865 at Greensboro, NC
Thomas Walker
Residence:
Occupation:
Service Record: Doubtful, he would have been only 15 YOA.
Enlisted as a Private on 13 September 1861
T. Walker
Residence:
Occupation:
Service Record: (Possible for TSW) Enlisted as a Private, Paroled on 20 April 1865 at Raleigh, NC.
Levi S. Walker b.1839 (William7,Robert8,William9)
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
Levi S Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation:
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 16 September 1861 Enlisted in Company K, 2nd Cavalry Regiment North Carolina on 16 September 1861. POW on 06 September 1862 at North Carolina Exchanged on 06 October 1862 at Aiken's Landing, VA Paroled on 06 October 1862 at Aiken's Landing, VA On rolls on 30 September 1864
William Robert Walker Jr. (William7,Robert8,William9) b.1839 Orange Co. d.1924 m.1871, Harriett Cohen Vaughn b.1847 d.1944.
Family Record and Spoken History: Family lore has it that William Robert Walker Jr served in the war and was a prisoner. Stories were told of how William walked home after the war. On his arrival at his home on the Little River they had to burn his clothes because of lice. There is a record of a William R Walker that was taken prisoner and confined at Point Lookout, MD.
Official NC Civil War Military Record (Direct Transcription by JPK):
William R Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation: Farmer
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 12 May 1862 at the age of 20 Enlisted in Company D, 56th Infantry Regiment North Carolina on 22 May 1862. Hospitalized on 08 August 1862 at Raleigh, NC Returned on 30 September 1862 Wounded on 15 May 1864 POW on 25 March 1865 at Fort Stedman, VA Confined on 28 March 1865 at Point Lookout, MD Took Oath of Allegiance on 21 June 1865 at Point Lookout, MD
FROM J.P.K.'s NOTES: This Walker was also found in my search of NC-Civil War records; however, I do not know his connection to the family “tree”, if any. He would have been the same age as his “cousins” who enlisted with him.
George A Walker
Residence: Orange County, North Carolina
Occupation: Farmer
Service Record: Enlisted as a Private on 03 March 1862 at the age of 20 Enlisted in Company G, 27th Infantry Regiment North Carolina on 03 March 1862. Wounded on 17 September 1862 at Sharpsburg, MD Returned on 04 March 1863 POW on 04 April 1865 at Sutherland's Station, VA Confined on 10 April 1865 at Point Lookout, MD Took Oath of Allegiance on 21 June 1865 at Point Lookout, MD.
Revolutionary War or War of Independence.
July 4, 1776 marked the beginning of the United States of America and the start of the Revolutionary War. The colonists, who had been loyal British subjects, fought for freedom and independence from British rule. In September 1783 a peace treaty is signed between Great Britain and the United States.
NAME:
Quasi-War with France 1798-1801
With independence won, the last ship of the Continental Navy was sold in 1785, and the Nation soon experienced the consequences of neglecting sea power. The actions of Mediterranean pirates caused Congress in 1794 to provide a Navy for the protection of commerce. Subsequently, depredations by the privateers of Revolutionary France against the expanding merchant shipping of the United States led to an undeclared war fought entirely at sea. In this quasi-war the new U.S. Navy received its baptism of fire.
NAME:
War of 1812
the War of 1812, declared by the United States on Great Britain under President James Madison on 18 June 1812, is a source of pride to Canadians as many inhabitants, principally of Upper Canada, fought alongside the Regular British Army and Indian allies to thwart American plans to capture what were then the British colonies on their northern flank. The war was primarily caused by the British Navy's boarding of American ships to forcibly enlist any sailors of British origin and its attempts to prevent the United States from trading with France. The United States planned to take over Upper Canada (the basis of modern-day Ontario) and Lower Canada (the basis of modern-day Québec) in a single mass attack. The invasion was to occur at four strategic locations: across from Detroit, in the Niagara area, at Kingston, and south of Montréal. here were wins and losses on both sides during the two years that the war lasted, with no clear victory for either of the warring parties, the Treaty of Ghent signed on 24 December 1814 maintained the status quo.
NAME:
Isaac Walker (William9).
Ralph Walker Sr. (William9).
Thomas Walker (William9).
The Patriot Insurrection (1837-1838)
Several events contributed to the rise of nationalism, which found its outlet in the insurrection of 1837. Apart from the numerous conflicts that pitted the two groups against each other, a major issue worsened the situation, namely the question of subsidies. Subsidies were the amounts of money that the Assembly granted to the governor and the Executive Council to balance the budget. In 1818, the Assembly approved the subsidies requested by the Governor, but demanded that numerous abuses be rectified, such as pensions for deceased individuals, paying people to do nothing, salaries for non-residents, and fictitious salaries. Nothing was done. The following year, Governor Charles Gordon Lennox, Duke of Richmond, submitted a request containing the same abuses. The Assembly voted on the budget section by section, refusing to allocate funds for abusive expenditures. The Legislative Council blocked the effort. While the subsidy crisis was fomenting, another major problem arose, this time concerning the sharing of customs duties between Upper and Lower Canada. Discontent peaked in Lower Canada in the spring of 1837. Despite the repeated requests of the Patriot Party, London still refused to reconstitute the Legislative Council as an elected body or to make the Executive Council answerable to the House of Assembly. Protest meetings, soon to be prohibited by Governor Gosford, were held everywhere. Rebellion finally broke out in the fall. "Patriots," often poorly organized, took up arms against the English army at St. Denis, St. Charles and St. Eustache. The crackdown was swift: villages were burned, members of the public were attacked, and women and children were put out of their homes just as winter was setting in. In November, the Patriots attacked English troops at Lacolle and Odeltown, but the operation was a fiasco. The second crackdown was worse than the first. More villages were pillaged and burned. Almost 1000 people were arrested, twice as many as in 1837. Of these, 108 were put on trial, about 60 were deported, and 12 were hanged in the Pied-du-Courant prison in Montreal.
NAME:
Major George Walker. (John7,Thomas8,William9)
Lt. Bayard (Byard) McCurdy, served in the 4th Lincoln, Rebellion of 1837. (Ann7,Ralph8,William9)
Indian Wars
The Indian Wars began in 1835 and ended 1842. The boggy maze of the Everglades long provided a fortress of refuge for the resourceful Seminole Indians. In 1835 the massacre of an Army detachment by the Indians dictated use of naval and Marine forces in the watery environment. Landing parties from the West India Squadron commanded by Commodore Alexander Dallas relieved Army garrisons enabling them to serve in the interior. In 1836, involvement of the Creek Indians extended the war to southern Alabama and Georgia. Lines of communications were kept secure, and Army troops, reinforced by practically the entire Marine Corps, were supplied by small Navy steamers plying the Chattahoochee and other rivers. Manned by sailors, soldiers, and Marines, a brown water "mosquito fleet" composed of small sailors, flat bottomed barges and shallow dugouts under Lieutenant J. T. McLaughlin, actively seconded by Lieutenant John Rodgers, penetrated hundreds of miles into swamps and twisting tributaries to find and help defeat the elusive enemy.
NAME:
Mexican War
The Mexican War began 1846 and ended in 1848. Friction between the United States and Mexico, aggravated by an ever-increasing American population in the southwest and admission of the Texas Republic into the Union, resulted in war.
NAME:
Civil War or War Between the States.
The quiet hours of the morning of April 21, 1861, were shattered by the blasting of Confederate artillery aimed at Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. It was the first act in the American Civil War, a conflict that was to cause the death of more Americans then any other. Some of the questions which caused the war remain unanswered to this day. The Civil War ended in 1865 when General Lee met General Grant at Appomattox Courthouse and formally surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia.
Northern Troops
NAME:
Patrick Toner served in the Civil War between 1861 and 1865 in the 14TH Michigan Infantry. (Katherine Toner Walker4,William5,John6,William7,William8,William9)
Southern Troops
NAME:
William S. Walker (George7,Robert8,William9).
Robert Young Walker (George7,Robert8,William9).
George Washington Walker Jr (George7,Robert8,William9).
Robert Samuel Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9).
John Henry Clay Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9).
Thomas Simpson Walker (Phillip7,Robert8,William9).
Levi S. Walker b.1839 (William7,Robert8,William9).
William Robert Walker Jr. (William7,Robert8,William9).
Spanish-American War
On January 24 the Maine was ordered to Havana, Cuba. This was the first visit of a vessel of the United States Navy to any port in Cuba for several years, although the necessity of protecting American interests made the presence of our flag in Cuban ports desirable. On the night of 15 February l898 the battleship USS Maine was shattered by an explosion which sent the ship and two-thirds of her crew to the bottom of Havana harbor. Bolstered by wide-spread sympathy for those who were seeking Cuban independence from Spain's colonial rule, the emotion-charged Maine tragedy forced the already strained Spanish-American relations to the breaking point, precipitating a short war rapidly decided by two naval engagements. On August 13, 1898 after the arrival of General Merritt, the city of Manila surrendered to the Army and Navy.
NAME:
Philippine Insurrection
The Philippine Insurrection Campaign began in 1899 and ended in 1902. With the close of the Spanish-American War, the United States acquired the Philippine Islands, long torn by strife. Military action was necessary to bring stability to the troubled area. Landing parties of sailors and Marines came ashore at various points to quell disturbances and maintain order. Naval ships supported Army operations with gunfire, provided mobility to deploy forces rapidly, and patrolled the waters of the archipelago to prevent supplies reaching the insurgents.
15 July 1996.
NAME:
Latin American Campaign
The Latin American Campaigns began in 1906 and ended in 1920. In response to internal upheaval and European threats of intervention relating to international debts, the U.S. Navy was called upon to help establish political and economic stability in Latin America during the first two decades of the 20th century.
NAME:
Second Nicaraguan Campaign
The Second Nicaraguan Campaign began in 1926 and ended in 1933. Civil war broke out in Nicaragua during the first months of 1926, and U.S. naval landing parties went ashore to establish a neutral zone for the protection of American citizens. As the fighting intensified and spread, additional coastal enclaves were formed by the Navy to shelter refugees. By January 1927 the U.S. Special Service Squadron was reinforced by two light cruisers and seven destroyers. When the danger points moved inland, 3,000 U.S. Marines supported by planes from Navy Observation Squadron 3 landed at the request of the Nicaraguan government. Once order was restored, sailors and Marines monitored free elections and organized and trained an efficient National Guard.
NAME:
World War I
For America, World War I began 1917 and ended 1918. The explosive that was World War I had been long in the stockpiling; the spark was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914. Ferdinand's death at the hands of the Black Hand, a Serbian nationalist secret society, set in train a mindlessly mechanical series of events that culminated in the world's first global war. Therefore following a remarkable sequence of events, with treaties and counter-treaties, led inexorably to the 'Great War'. In the First World War 'the Armistice', a cessation of hostilities as a prelude to peace negotiations, is generally referred as the agreement between the Germans and the Allies to end the war on November 11, 1918.
NAME:
Lewis Brock Henry, rank unknown, Nuns Alley, France WW 1, 77th Regt, 58th Bn, C.E.F. Walker Connection: (Ann Walker8, William Walker9)
Jennie Isabel Drummond, Nurse during WW 1. Walker Connection: (Francis Blanche6,John7,Ralph8,William9).
World War II
On the 1st September 1939, Germany attacked Poland without warning. By the evening of the 3rd September, Britain and France were at war with Germany and within a week, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and South Africa had also joined the conflict. The world had been plunged into a world war for the second time in twenty five years. World War II lasted for six long and bloody years and would eventually involve every major country and be fought over five continents and every ocean on the planet. On the 7th May l945 Germany surrendered and the 8th May was declared V-E day (Victory in Europe). On August 6th 1945, at 8:15am the first atomic bomb was dropped from a B29 Super Fortress bomber on Hiroshima. On 15th August 1945, Japan surrendered, V-J day, (Victory in Japan).
NAME:
Lt.Col. William Lindsay Ryerson Heath. Walker Connection: (Bertha McLaren(Sylvia Walker6,John7,John8,William9).
Lt. George Heath. Walker Connection: (Bertha McLaren(Sylvia Walker6,John7,John8,William9).
Donald Orlo Awde, rank unknown, Royal Canadian Air Force, teaching air navigation. Walker Connection: (Lila4,James5,James Henry6,John7,Thomas8,William9).
John Wilkins Woolverton, rank unknown. Walker Connection:(Elizabeth6,John7,Ralph8, William9).
Alan Whammond Woolverton, rank unknown, lost over Germany. Walker Connection: (Elizabeth6,John7,Ralph8,William9).
Elmer Clare Husband, rank unknown, 58th Battalion Broad Gauge Railroad Troops. Walker Connection: (Mary Jane6,Hiram7,Philip8,William9).
Korean War
At approximately 4 a.m., June 25, 1950, The Korean War officially began. In this announcement North Korea claimed South Korea's forces on the Ongjin Peninsula attacked North Korea in the Haeju area (west) and their declaration of war was in response to this attack. On July 27, 1953 The United States, North Korea and China sign an armistice, which ends the war but fails to bring about a permanent peace. To date, the Republic of Korea (South) and Democratic Peoples' Republic of Korea (North) have not signed a peace treaty. North and South Korea did sign a non-aggression treaty in 1991.
NAME:
Vietnam War
In March 1945, Japan ousted the French and assumed direct rule over Vietnam. By the time Japan surrendered to the United States, in August 1945, it represented the strongest political force in Vietnam. On September 2, 1945, Ho Chi Minh proclaimed Vietnam a free and independent country. Within a year, they were once more fighting for the independence of Vietnam against the French. The Geneva Agreements, July 21, 1954, ended the conflict with the French and divided Vietnam at the 17th parallel, Ho Chi Minh firmly controlled the area north of the line, while the area south of the 17th parallel was put in the hands of Ngo Dinh Diem. To reinforce South Korea, President Kennedy dispatched Green Beret "advisers" in 1961 and provided increased military aid, including American-piloted armed helicopters, as the guerrilla war expanded. By spring of 1963, Diem lost the confidence of the Americans as well as his own people and he was killed in an army coup. In the summer of 1964 the American Congress overwhelmingly passed the "Gulf of Tonkin Resolution," authorizing President Johnson to take "all necessary measures to repel any armed attacks against the forces of the United States and to prevent further aggression". On November 3, 1969, President Richard Nixon officially unveiled his "Vietnamization" program. In the 1972 spring offensive and, more tellingly, in a final offensive in 1975, the war finally became that which the United States had always claimed it was: a war for the unification of Vietnam by force, under Hanoi's direction. Saigon fell on April 30, 1975 and the war had come to an end.
NAME:
Warren Reed Walker II, E-5, Army. (Warren3,Warren4,William5,John6,William7,William8,William9)
Operation Desert Storm
In 1990 Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait. President George Herbert Bush freezes Iraqi and Kuwaiti assets. The United Nations calls on Hussein to withdraw and UN economic sanctions are authorized. The 82nd Airborne and several fighter squadrons are dispatched to the area. Iraq then annexes Kuwait. The UN declares Iraq's annexation invalid. The USA announces interdiction program of Iraqi shipping and President George Herbert Bush authorizes call up of reserves. Military interdiction is authorized by the UN. Iraqi forces storm a number of diplomatic missions in Kuwait City. President George Herbert Bush orders additional deployments to give "offensive option" to U.S. forces. In November, UN Security Council authorizes force if Iraq doesn't withdraw from Kuwait by midnight, January 15, 1991, EST. On Jan 12, the US Congress votes to allow US troops to be used in offensive operations. On January 16, the first US government statement of Operation Desert-Storm is made, "The liberation of Kuwait has begun...". The air war started January 16 at 6:38 PM EST with an Apache helicopter attack. U.S. warplanes attack Baghdad, Kuwait and other military targets in Iraq. January 17, Iraq launches first SCUD Missile attack. February 22, President George Herbert Bush issues an ultimatum for February 23 for Iraqi troops to withdraw from Kuwait. As the deadline elapsed the ground war begins with Marines, Army and Arab forces moving into Iraq and Kuwait. February 26, Kuwaiti resistance leaders declare they are in control of Kuwait City. February 27, President George Herbert Bush orders a cease fire effective at midnight Kuwaiti time. March 3, Iraqi leaders formally accept cease fire terms. March 8, 1991 the first US combat forces return home.
NAME:
Staff Sargent Warren Reed Walker II, E-6, Army. (Warren3,Warren4,William5,John6,William7,William8,William9)
War Against Terrorism
September 11, 2001, it began at 7:55, American Airlines Flight 11 leaves Boston bound for Los Angeles. At 8:00, United Airlines Flight 93 departs Newark bound for San Francisco. At 8:10, American Airlines Flight 77 departs Washington bound for Los Angeles. At 8:15, United Airlines Flight 175 departs Boston bound for Los Angeles. All four planes were hijacked by Muslim Terrorists. These hijacked jetliners, set in motion a chain of events that two hours later, two of them would erase the World Trade Center towers from the New York City skyline, one would rip open the west wall of the Pentagon outside Washington. The passengers on the fourth hijacked plane attacked the terrorists and the plane crashed into a field in Pennsylvania. All four attacks killing an uncounted number of innocent people. The Federal Aviation Administration halts all flight operations at the nation's airports for the first time in U.S. history. The U.S. military is placed on high alert. President George Walker Bush addresses the nation and vows to "find those responsible and bring them to justice." Hundreds of New York City firemen, policemen and other rescue workers, attempting to rescue the thousands of workers inside the World Trade Center, are lost when the Twin Towers collapse. International reaction is swift as world leaders react with outrage over the attacks.
NAME:
Operation Iraqi Freedom
Pursuant to UN Security Council Resolution 1441 passed on November 8, 2002, a resolution by the UN Security Council, passed unanimously on November 8, 2002, offering Iraq "a final opportunity to comply with its disarmament obligations" that had been set out in several previous resolutions (resolution 660, resolution 661, resolution 678, resolution 686, resolution 687, resolution 688, resolution 707, resolution 715, resolution 986, and resolution 1284), notably to provide "an accurate full, final, and complete disclosure, as required by Resolution 687 (1991), of all aspects of its programmes to develop weapons of mass destruction and ballistic missiles". Resolution 1441 threatens "serious consequences" if these are not met. It reasserted demands that UN weapons inspectors should have "immediate, unconditional, and unrestricted access" to sites of their choosing, in order to ascertain compliance. On March 19, 2003, U.S. and coalition forces focus on their mission, which is to: End the regime of Saddam Hussein. Identify, isolate, and eliminate Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction, systems, and facilities. Capture or drive out terrorists sheltered in Iraq. Collect intelligence on terrorist networks and on Iraq's illicit WMD activity. Secure Iraq's oil fields and natural resources for the Iraqi people. End sanctions and immediately deliver humanitarian relief and assistance. Help the Iraqi people create the conditions for a rapid transition to representative self-government that does not threaten its neighbors and is committed to the territorial integrity of Iraq. President George Walker Bush assembled a Coalition for military operations to disarm Iraq of its weapons of mass destruction, and enforce 17 United Nations Security Council resolutions. The Coalition will also liberate the Iraqi people from one of the worst tyrants and most brutal regimes on earth. Contributions from Coalition member nations range from: direct military participation, logistical and intelligence support, specialized chemical/biological response teams, over-flight rights, humanitarian and reconstruction aid, to political support. Forty-nine countries are publicly committed to the Coalition. At 9:34 PM EST on March 19, 2003 (5:34 AM local time in Baghdad on March 20), United States and United Kingdom forces consisting of 40 cruise missiles and strikes led by 2 F-117s from the 8th Fighter Squadron (supported by Navy EA-6B Prowlers) and other aircraft began conducting military operations against the state of Iraq designed to disarm Iraq of its weapons of mass destruction and to remove the Iraqi Regime from power. Less than two hours after a deadline expired for Saddam Hussein to leave Iraq, the sound of air raid sirens were heard in Baghdad. A short time later, President George Walker Bush addressed the American public stating that coalition forces were in the "early stages of military operations to disarm Iraq, to free its people and to defend the world from grave danger."
NAME: